I-Potassium borohydride, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-KBH4, iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali eguquguqukayo futhi ebalulekile edlala indima ebalulekile ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Le nhlanganisela isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanganiseni izinto eziphilayo, kwezemithi, nanjenge-ejenti yokunciphisa ezinqubweni eziningi zezimboni. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium borohydride kanye nokubaluleka kwayo emkhakheni wekhemistri.
I-Potassium borohydrideiyimpuphu emhlophe ekristalu encibilika kakhulu emanzini. Ingumxube ozinzile ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, kodwa isabela emanzini nama-asidi, ikhipha igesi ye-hydrogen. Lesi sici siyenza ibe yi-ejenti enamandla yokunciphisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Enye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokusebenzisai-potassium borohydrideukusetshenziswa kwayo njenge-reagent yokunciphisa ama-aldehydes nama-ketone abe yi-alcohols. Lokhu kusabela kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene e-organic, okuhlanganisa imithi, amakha, namakhemikhali amahle.
Ngaphezu kwendima yayo njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa,i-potassium borohydrideisetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizweni kwama-boride ensimbi kanye njengesikhuthazi ekuphenduleni kwezinto eziphilayo. Kuyinhlanganisela eguquguqukayo engasetshenziswa ezinqubweni eziningi zamakhemikhali, okwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile kumathuluzi ochwepheshe bamakhemikhali bokwenziwa kanye nabacwaningi bezimboni.
Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo ze-i-potassium borohydrideokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-hydrogen. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yindawo ekhangayo yokugcina i-hydrogen kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamaseli kaphethiloli. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuhlola amandla e-i-potassium borohydridenjengomthombo we-hydrogen wamaseli kaphethiloli, okungaba nemiphumela ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bamandla ahlanzekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,i-potassium borohydrideithole ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wesayensi yezinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto zokwakha kanye nezinhlayiya ezincane zensimbi. Amandla ayo okusebenza njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa kanye nomthombo we-hydrogen kuyenza ibe yisandulela esibalulekile sokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe ezinezakhiwo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukile.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenkathii-potassium borohydrideinezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza, futhi idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ngenxa yokusabela kwayo emanzini kanye nama-asidi. Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha kufanele zilandelwe lapho kusetshenzwa nale nhlanganisela ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi belabhorethri kanye nobuqotho benqubo yokuhlola.
Ekuphetheni,i-potassium borohydrideiyinhlanganisela eguquguqukayo neyigugu enezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo ekuhlanganisweni kwamakhemikhali, isayensi yezinto zokwakha, kanye nobuchwepheshe bamandla ahlanzekile. Indima yayo njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa kanye nomthombo we-hydrogen iyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile kubacwaningi kanye nosokhemisi bezimboni. Njengoba ukuqonda kwethu izakhiwo zayo kanye nezicelo ezingaba khona kuqhubeka kukhula,i-potassium borohydridecishe izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni ikusasa lesayensi yamakhemikhali nezinto zokwakha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-29-2024