1,4-Butanediol (BDO) luwuketshezi olunamafutha olungenambala oluye lwadonsela ukunaka okukhulu ezimbonini ezahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezihlukile kanye nokuguquguquka. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi le nhlanganisela ingaxutshwa namanzi, okwenza kube yisithako esingcono kakhulu, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa njenge-antifreeze engenabo ubuthi, i-emulsifier yokudla, kanye ne-ejenti ye-hygroscopic. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlanganisa izimboni zemithi nezokudla kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziphilayo, okwenza kube yi-reagent ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza zanamuhla.
Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-1,4-butanediolyikhono layo lokusebenza njengesinyibilikisi. Emkhakheni we-organic chemistry, izinyibilikisi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni kube lula ukusabela kanye nokuncibilikisa izinto. Ukuxubana kwe-BDO namanzi kuvumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ku-gas chromatography lapho isebenza khona njengoketshezi oluhlala lumile. Lesi sici sibalulekile ekuhlukaniseni nasekuhlaziyeni izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza i-BDO ibe ithuluzi eliwusizo kosokhemisi nabacwaningi.
Ngaphezu kwendima yayo njengesinyibilikisi, i-1,4-butanediol iyaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ezingezona ezinobuthi, okwenza ibe yindawo efanele embonini yokudla. Njenge-emulsifier yokudla, i-BDO isiza ekuqiniseni izingxube ebezizohlukana, njengamafutha namanzi. Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu lapho kukhiqizwa amasoso, izinongo kanye neminye imikhiqizo yokudla edinga ukuthungwa nokubukeka okufanayo. Iphrofayili yokuphepha ye-BDO iqinisekisa ukuthi ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokubeka izingozi empilweni kubathengi, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukukhanga kwayo ekusetshenzisweni kokudla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hygroscopicity iyindlela ehlelekile.1,4-butanediol ivumela ukuthi imunce umswakama emvelweni, okwenza kube yisithako esisebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zofuzo. Lesi sici sizuzisa kakhulu embonini yezemithi, lapho ukugcina ukuzinza nokusebenza kahle kwezithako ezisebenzayo kubalulekile khona. Ngokufaka i-BDO ekwakhiweni, abakhiqizi bangandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemikhiqizo yabo kanye nokusebenza kwayo, baqinisekise ukuthi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso eziphakeme zemboni yezempilo.
Ukuguquguquka kwe-1,4-butanediolIdlulela ngale kokudla kanye nemithi. Ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo, i-BDO iyisakhiwo sokukhiqiza amakhemikhali nezinto ezahlukahlukene. Iyakwazi ukwenza i-polymerization reactions ukuze iguqulwe ibe yi-polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), i-thermoplastic esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izingxenye zezimoto, izingxenye zikagesi kanye nemikhiqizo yabathengi. Lolu shintsho luqokomisa indima ye-BDO njengomsunguli wezinto ezibalulekile zokusebenza okuphezulu ekukhiqizeni kwanamuhla.
Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokukhula futhi zifuna izixazululo eziqhubekayo, isidingo samakhemikhali angenabo ubuthi, asebenzayo amaningi njenge-1,4-butanediol kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene njengokudla, imithi kanye nesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo kugcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali zanamuhla. Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko, ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwe-BDO cishe kuzokhula, kuvuleke indlela yemikhiqizo nezixazululo ezintsha ezihlangabezana nezidingo zomhlaba oshintsha njalo.
Ekuphetheni,1,4-butanediol iyinhlanganisela engavamile edlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukene. Izakhiwo zayo njenge-solvent, i-antifreeze engenabo ubuthi, i-food emulsifier kanye ne-hygroscopic agent ziyenza ibe umthombo obalulekile embonini yezemithi kanye nokudla kanye nokwakheka kwezinto eziphilayo. Njengoba siqhubeka nokuhlola amandla ale nhlanganisela eguquguqukayo, kusobala ukuthi i-1,4-butanediol izoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhemikhali nezimboni zanamuhla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-27-2024