I-sodium hydrideiyi-reagent enamandla futhi eguquguqukayo eye yaba isisekelo sokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali amashumi eminyaka. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ziyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile kubacwaningi nosokhemisi. Kule bhulogi, sizongena emhlabeni othakazelisayo we-sodium hydride futhi sihlole indima yawo kukhemistri yesimanje.
I-sodium hydride, ifomula yamakhemikhali i-NaH, iyinhlanganisela eqinile eyakhiwe ngama-sodium cations nama-hydride anions. Yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo eziqinile zokunciphisa futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo ku-organic synthesis. Esinye sezici zayo eziyinhloko yikhono lokususa i-deprotonate ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanganisela, okwenza kube i-reagent ebalulekile yokulungiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zama-molecule e-organic.
Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium hydride kusekuhlanganiseni kwezinhlanganisela ze-organometallic. Ngokuphendula i-sodium hydride nge-organohalides noma amanye ama-electrophiles, osokhemisi bangakwazi ukukhiqiza amakhompiyutha e-orgonanadium, okuyizinto ezibalulekile eziphakathi ekukhiqizeni imithi, i-agrochemicals, kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha.
I-sodium hydrideidlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseni ama-reagents e-Grignard abaluleke kakhulu ku-organic synthesis. Ngokuphendula i-sodium hydride nge-magnesium halide, osokhemisi bangakha ama-Grignard reagents, asetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza ibhondi ye-carbon-carbon futhi ethule amaqembu asebenzayo abe ama-molecule ephilayo.
Ngaphezu kwendima yayo kumakhemikhali e-organometallic, i-sodium hydride isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemithi ehlukahlukene namakhemikhali amahle. Ikhono layo lokucekela phansi amaqembu athile asebenzayo ngokukhetha liyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile losokhemisi abasebenza ekutholeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezidakamizwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho,i-sodium hydridefuthi inezinhlelo zokusebenza kukhemistri ye-polymer, lapho ingasetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwama-polymers kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwama-polymers akhethekile anezakhiwo ezihambisanayo. Ukusebenza kabusha kwayo okuphezulu nokukhetha kwayo kuyenza ibe i-reagent yokuzikhethela yezinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi kusayensi ye-polymer.
Nakuba isetshenziswa kabanzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-sodium hydride kufanele iphathwe ngokuqapha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-pyrophoric. Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha kufanele zilandelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwalesi siphehli elabhorethri.
Ngokufigqiwe,i-sodium hydrideiyithuluzi eliguquguqukayo futhi elibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni kwamakhemikhali. Ukusebenza kabusha okuyingqayizivele nokusebenza okubanzi kuyenza ibe isengezo esibalulekile kuphothifoliyo yekhemisti yokwenziwa. Njengoba ucwaningo lwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-organometallic luqhubeka luthuthuka, ukubaluleka kwe-sodium hydride ekubumbeni indawo yesimanje yokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali akunakugwenywa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-29-2024