(i-anode yensimbi ye-lithium) Isigaba sokuhlangana kwe-electrolyte entsha eqinile etholakala ku-anion

I-Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuchaza isigaba esisha esakhiwe phakathi kwe-anode kanye ne-electrolyte kumabhethri asebenzayo. Amabhethri ensimbi e-lithium (Li) anamandla aphezulu aphazanyiswa kakhulu yi-dendritic lithium deposition eqondiswa yi-SEI engalingani. Nakuba inezinzuzo ezihlukile ekuthuthukiseni ukufana kwe-lithium deposition, ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo, umphumela we-anion-derived SEI awulungile. Muva nje, iqembu locwaningo likaZhang Qiang elivela e-Tsinghua University liphakamise ukusebenzisa ama-anion receptors ukulungisa isakhiwo se-electrolyte ukuze kwakhiwe i-anion-derived SEI eqinile. I-tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane anion receptor (TPFPB) enama-athomu e-boron angenayo i-electron isebenzisana ne-bis(fluorosulfonimide) anion (FSI-) ukuze kuncishiswe ukuzinza kwe-FSI-. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kukhona i-TFPPB, uhlobo lwamaqoqo e-ion (AGG) e-FSI- ku-electrolyte lushintshile, futhi i-FSI- isebenzisana ne-Li+ eyengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ukubola kwe-FSI- kukhuthazwa ukukhiqiza i-Li2S, futhi ukuzinza kwe-SEI etholakala ku-anion kuyathuthukiswa.

I-SEI yakhiwe ngemikhiqizo yokubola enciphisayo ye-electrolyte. Ukwakheka kanye nesakhiwo se-SEI kulawulwa kakhulu yisakhiwo se-electrolyte, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisana okuncane kakhulu phakathi kwe-solvent, i-anion, ne-Li+. Isakhiwo se-electrolyte asishintshi nje kuphela ngohlobo lwe-solvent kanye nosawoti we-lithium, kodwa futhi nokugcwala kosawoti. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-electrolyte ene-concentration ephezulu (HCE) kanye ne-electrolyte ene-concentration ephezulu (LHCE) etholakala endaweni ethile ibonise izinzuzo ezihlukile ekuqiniseni ama-anode ensimbi ye-lithium ngokwakha i-SEI ezinzile. Isilinganiso se-molar se-solvent kusawoti we-lithium siphansi (ngaphansi kuka-2) futhi ama-anion afakwa engxenyeni yokuqala ye-solvation ye-Li+, kwakha ama-contact ion pairs (CIP) kanye ne-aggregation (AGG) ku-HCE noma i-LHCE. Ukwakheka kwe-SEI kulawulwa kamuva yi-anion ku-HCE kanye ne-LHCE, okubizwa ngokuthi i-anion-derived SEI. Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo okukhangayo ekuqiniseni ama-anode ensimbi ye-lithium, ama-SEI amanje atholakala ku-anion awanele ekuhlangabezaneni nezinselele zezimo ezisebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kanye nokufana kwe-SEI etholakala ku-anion ukuze kunqotshwe izinselele ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela.

Ama-anion ngesimo se-CIP kanye ne-AGG yiwona andulelayo amakhulu e-SEI etholakala kuma-anion. Ngokuvamile, isakhiwo se-electrolyte sama-anion silawulwa ngokungaqondile yi-Li+, ngoba ukushaja okuhle kwama-molecule anyibilikayo kanye ne-diluent kutholakala endaweni ethile futhi akukwazi ukusebenzisana ngqo nama-anion. Ngakho-ke, amasu amasha okulawula isakhiwo sama-electrolyte ama-anionic ngokusebenzisana ngqo nama-anion alindelwe kakhulu.