(I-Lithium metal anode) Isigaba sokusebenzelana sobuso se-electrolyte eqinile esuselwa ku-anion

I-Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuchaza isigaba esisha esakhiwe phakathi kwe-anode ne-electrolyte kumabhethri asebenzayo. Amandla aphezulu we-lithium (Li) amabhethri ensimbi athikamezwa kakhulu ukufakwa kwe-lithium ye-dendritic eqondiswa yi-SEI engafani. Nakuba inezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ekuthuthukiseni ukufana kwe-lithium deposition, ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo, umphumela we-SEI ye-anion-derived ayilungile. Muva nje, iqembu locwaningo lika-Zhang Qiang laseNyuvesi yaseTsinghua lihlongoze ukusebenzisa ama-anion receptors ukuze kulungiswe ukwakheka kwe-electrolyte ukuze kwakhiwe i-SEI esuselwe e-anion ezinzile. I-tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane anion receptor (TPFPB) enama-athomu e-boron angenayo i-electron isebenzisana ne-bis(fluorosulfonimide) anion (FSI-) ukuze kuncishiswe ukuzinza kokunciphisa kwe-FSI-. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kukhona i-TFPPB, uhlobo lwamaqoqo e-ion (AGG) lwe-FSI- ku-electrolyte lushintshile, futhi i-FSI- isebenzisana ne-Li+ eyengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ukubola kwe-FSI- kukhuthazwa ukukhiqiza i-Li2S, futhi ukuzinza kwe-SEI etholakala ku-anion kuyathuthukiswa.

I-SEI yakhiwe imikhiqizo enciphisa ukubola kwe-electrolyte. Ukwakheka nokwakheka kwe-SEI kulawulwa ngokuyinhloko ukwakheka kwe-electrolyte, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisana kwe-microscopic phakathi kwe-solvent, anion, ne-Li+. Isakhiwo se-electrolyte sishintsha hhayi kuphela ngohlobo lwe-solvent ne-lithium usawoti, kodwa futhi nokugxila kukasawoti. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-high-concentration electrolyte (HCE) kanye ne-high-concentration electrolyte yendawo (LHCE) ibonise izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ekuqiniseni i-lithium metal anode ngokwenza i-SEI ezinzile. Isilinganiso se-molar se-solvent kuya kusawoti we-lithium siphansi (ngaphansi kuka-2) futhi ama-anions angeniswa emgodleni wokuqala wokuxazulula we-Li +, okwenza ama-contact ion pairs (CIP) kanye ne-aggregation (AGG) ku-HCE noma i-LHCE. Ukwakheka kwe-SEI kulawulwa ama-anion ku-HCE kanye ne-LHCE, ebizwa nge-anion-derived SEI. Naphezu kokusebenza kwayo okukhangayo ekuzinziseni i-lithium metal anode, ama-SEI amanje atholakala ku-anion awanele ukuhlangabezana nezinselele zezimo ezingokoqobo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza nokufana kwe-SEI ephuma ku-anion ukuze kunqobe izinselele ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela.

Ama-anion asesimweni se-CIP kanye ne-AGG yizandulela eziyinhloko ze-SEI esuselwa ku-anion. Ngokuvamile, ukwakheka kwe-electrolyte kwama-anions akulawulwa ngokungaqondile yi-Li +, ngoba ukushaja okuhle kwama-athomu nama-molecule e-diluent akhiwe kahle endaweni futhi awakwazi ukuxhumana ngokuqondile nama-anions. Ngakho-ke, amasu amasha okulawula ukwakheka kwe-anionic electrolyte ngokusebenzisana ngokuqondile nama-anion alindelwe kakhulu.