I-Ammonium molybdate, isakhi sezinto ezingaphili esakhiwe yi-molybdenum, umoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, kanye nezakhi ze-hydrogen (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-ammonium tetramolybdate noma i-ammonium heptamolybdate), sekunesikhathi eside yadlula indima yayo njenge-reagent yaselabhorethri ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali eziyingqayizivele - umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu we-catalytic, ikhono lokwakha i-fosfate eyinkimbinkimbi kanye ne-complex de phosphate. ukusebenza kwe-molybdenum oxides noma i-metallic molybdenum ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Sekuyitshe legumbi lamakhemikhali elibalulekile elisekela izinkambu eziningi ezibalulekile njengezimboni zesimanje, ezolimo, isayensi yezinto zokwakha, nokuhlolwa kwemvelo.
1.Injini ewumgogodla emkhakheni we-catalysis: ukushayela amandla ahlanzekile kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali esebenzayo
Emkhakheni we-catalysis,i-ammonium molybdateingathathwa ngokuthi "itshe legumbi impahla eluhlaza". Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukukhiqiza ama-catalysts e-hydroprocessing (i-HDS catalyst for desulfurization, i-HDN catalyst ye-denitrification). Uma sithatha ukucwengisiswa kwe-petroleum njengesibonelo, ingxenye enkulu ye-ammonium molybdate esetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke unyaka ngamunye isetshenziselwa le njongo:
I-desulfurization ejulile kanye ne-denitrification: I-Molybdenum oxide ekhiqizwa ukubola kwe-ammonium molybdate ilayishwa kusithwali se-alumina futhi ihlanganiswe ne-cobalt noma i-nickel oxides ukuze yakhe isandulela sengxenye esebenzayo ye-catalyst. Le catalyst ingabola kahle futhi iguqule ama-organic sulfide (afana ne-thiophene) kanye nama-nitrides e-organic kuwoyela ongahluziwe nezingxenyana zawo (ezifana nodizili nophethiloli) zibe i-hydrogen sulfide ehlukaniseke kalula, i-ammonia, nama-hydrocarbon agcwele endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ne-high-pressure hydrogen. Lokhu akunciphisi kakhulu kuphela okuqukethwe kwesibabule kumafutha ezimoto (ukuhlangabezana nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo efana nezindinganiso ze-Euro VI), kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwemvula ene-asidi kanye ne-PM2.5 precursor SOx, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kukaphethiloli nokusebenza kwenjini.
Ukwandisa izinhlelo zokusebenza: Enqubweni ekhethiwe ye-hydrogenation ye-liquefaction yamalahle, uwoyela kanye ne-fat hydrogenation refining ukukhiqiza uwoyela wemifino wezinga lokudla noma i-biodiesel, kanye nemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yamakhemikhali ephilayo, ama-catalyst asekelwe ku-ammonium molybdate nawo adlala indima ebalulekile, ukushayela ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo nokuhlanzekile kwesondo elikhulu.
2.Irula yakudala yekhemistri yokuhlaziya: "iso legolide" lokutholwa okunembile
“Indlela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ye-molybdenum” esungulwe i-ammonium molybdate kukhemistri yokuhlaziya iyindinganiso yegolide yokutholwa komthamo we-phosphate (PO ₄³ ⁻), ebilokhu
ihlolwe iminyaka eyikhulu:
Umgomo wokuthuthukiswa kombala: Endaweni ene-asidi, ama-ion e-phosphate asabela ne-ammonium molybdate ukwenza inkimbinkimbi ye-phosphomolybdic acid ephuzi. Le nkimbinkimbi ingancishiswa ngokukhetha ngokunciphisa ama-agent afana ne-ascorbic acid ne-stannous chloride, ekhiqiza umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka "oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" we-molybdenum. Ukujula kombala wayo kuhambisana ngokuqinile nokugxilwa kwe-phosphate kubude obuthile (njengo-880nm).
Isicelo esibanzi: Le ndlela isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqaphelweni kwemvelo (ukuhlolwa kwengozi ye-eutrophication emanzini angaphezulu namanzi angcolile okuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus), ucwaningo lwezolimo (ukunqunywa kwenhlabathi etholakalayo ye-phosphorus nokuqukethwe komanyolo we-phosphorus), imboni yokudla (ukulawulwa kokuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus eziphuzweni nasezithasiselweni), kanye ne-biochemistry (ukuhlaziywa kwe-phosphorus ye-inorganic ku-serum kanye ne-metabolites yamaselula) ngenxa yezinga eliphansi le-traulated, i-costsensitivity ephezulu ye-costsensitivity, kanye ne-biochemistry. Ihlinzeka ngosekelo lwedatha oluthembekile lokuvikelwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi, ukuvundiswa okunembayo, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi yempilo.
I-3.Indima ekabili yokucubungula insimbi kanye ne-metallurgy: uchwepheshe ekuvikelweni nasekuhlanzeni
I-corrosion inhibitor esebenza kahle: I-Ammonium molybdate isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-anodic corrosion inhibitor ekwelapheni amanzi ezimbonini (njengamasistimu amakhulu amanzi okupholisa umoya opholile, amanzi okuphakelayo kubhayela) kanye nokupholisa injini yezimoto ngenxa yobungane bayo bemvelo (ubuthi obuphansi obuqhathaniswa ne-chromate) nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Ifaka i-oxidize phezu kwezinsimbi (ikakhulukazi insimbi ne-aluminium alloys) ukuze yakhe ifilimu elicinene nelinamathelayo kakhulu le-molybdenum esekelwe (njenge-iron molybdate ne-calcium molybdate), ivimbele ngempumelelo ukugqwala kwe-substrate ngamanzi, umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, kanye nama-ion abolayo, njenge-Clion enweba kakhulu impilo (efana nensizakalo eyandisa kakhulu).
Umthombo we-molybdenum yensimbi nama-alloys: i-high-purity ammonium molybdate iyisandulela esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza i-high-purity metal molybdenum powder. Impushana ye-molybdenum ehlangabezana nezidingo ze-powder metallurgy ingakhiqizwa ngokulawula okunembile kokubala kanye nezinqubo zokunciphisa (imvamisa endaweni ye-hydrogen). Lezi zimpushana ze-molybdenum zingaqhutshekiselwa phambili zicutshungulwa ukuze zikhiqize izinto zokushisa ezishisayo eziphezulu, izinsimbi zemboni ye-semiconductor, ama-alloys e-molybdenum asebenza kahle (njenge-molybdenum titanium zirconium alloys asetshenziselwa izingxenye ze-aerospace high-temperature), kanye nemikhiqizo ephezulu efana ne-sputtering.
4.Ezolimo: 'Umgubho Wempilo' Wokulandelela Izinto
I-Molybdenum ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokulandelela izitshalo futhi ibalulekile emsebenzini we-nitrogenase ne-nitrate reductase.
I-Molybdenum fertilizer core: I-Ammonium molybdate (ikakhulukazi i-ammonium tetramolybdate) iyimpahla eyinhloko yokukhiqiza umanyolo we-molybdenum osebenza kahle ngenxa yokuncibilika kahle kwamanzi kanye nokutholakala kwe-bioavailability. Ukufakwa ngokuqondile noma ukufuthwa njengomanyolo we-foliar kungavimbela ngempumelelo futhi kulungise izimpawu zokuntula kwe-molybdenum (njengokuphuzi kweqabunga, ukukhubazeka - "isifo somsila we-whip", ukuvimbela ukukhula) ezitshalweni ze-leguminous (ezifana nobhontshisi we-soya ne-alfalfa ethembele ku-rhizobia ekufakeni i-nitrogen) kanye nezitshalo ze-cruciperous caulis (i-cruciperous caulis).
Ukwandisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi engcono: Ukwengezwa okwanele komanyolo we-ammonium molybdate kungakhuthaza kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwe-nitrogen yezitshalo, kuthuthukise ukuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni, kuqinise ukumelana nokucindezeleka, futhi ekugcineni kuthuthukise isivuno nekhwalithi yezitshalo, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukutholakala kokudla kanye nentuthuko yezolimo esimeme.
5.Isayensi Yezinto Ezibalulekile: 'Umthombo Wokuhlakanipha' Wezinto Ezisebenzayo
Ikhono lokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali e-ammonium molybdate linikeza indlela ebalulekile yokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe:
I-ceramics esebenzayo kanye nezandulela zokumboza: ngejeli ye-sol, ukomisa isifutho, ukubola okushisayo nobunye ubuchwepheshe, isixazululo se-ammonium molybdate singasetshenziswa njengesandulela sokulungiselela izimpushana ze-molybdenum ezisekelwe kwi-ceramic (njenge-lead molybdate piezoelectric ceramics) ngogesi okhethekile, optical noma izici eziguquguqukayo ezisebenzayo, kanye ne-cocaresistant ukulawula ezinengilazi).
Isiqalo sezinhlanganisela ezintsha ze-molybdenum: Njengomthombo we-molybdenum, i-ammonium molybdate isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zaselabhorethri nezimboni ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-molybdenum disulfide (i-MoS ₂, i-lubricant eqinile, i-lithium negative electrode material), i-molybdenum esekelwe polyoxometalates (i-polyoxometalate, nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo ze-cataviral, i-antiviral, i-antiviral kanye nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo ze-antiviral). ama-molybdates (njengezinto ze-photocatalytic, izinto ze-fluorescent).
6.Imboni yezogesi: “iqhawe elingemuva kwezigcawu” lokukhiqiza okunembayo
Ekukhiqizeni okunemba kwe-elekthronikhi, i-ammonium molybdate iphinde yathola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile:
Isithuthukisi se-flame retardant: Amanye amafomu aqukethe i-ammonium molybdate asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinto ze-polymer (njengezingqimba zepulasitiki zokuvala izintambo nezintambo, ama-substrate ebhodi lesekethe), ngokuphromotha ukubola kwe-carbonization nokushintsha indlela yokubola okushisayo, ukuthuthukisa isilinganiso sokuvinjelwa kwelangabi nokusebenza kokucindezelwa kwentuthu.
Izingxenye ze-Electroplating nezamakhemikhali: Ezinqubweni ezithile ze-alloy electroplating noma i-chemical plating, i-ammonium molybdate ingasetshenziswa njengesengezo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukucwebezela, ukumelana nokugqoka, noma ukumelana nokugqwala kwentolo.
Kusukela enhliziyweni ecwenga uwoyela eshayela imikhumbi emikhulu ohambweni olude iye endaweni evimbela ukugqwala evikela amathuluzi anembayo; Kusukela ku-reagent ezwelayo eveza umkhondo wezakhi ze-phosphorus emhlabeni we-microscopic, kuya kusithunywa sezakhi zokulandelela ezondla amasimu amakhulu; Kusukela emathanjeni aqinile ama-alloys asezingeni eliphezulu ukuya emthonjeni omusha wezinto zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu - imephu yohlelo lokusebenzai-ammonium molybdate- iqinisekisa ngokujulile isikhundla esiyinhloko samakhemikhali empucuko yesimanje yezobuchwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-05-2025