acid periodic(HIO ₄) iyi-asidi eqinile ye-inorganic ebalulekile enezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza njenge-oxidant emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi nezimboni. Lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe ezicini zale nhlanganisela ekhethekile kanye nezicelo zayo ezibalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.
Izici zamakhemikhali ze-periodic acid
I-Periodate iyisimo esiphezulu se-oxidation ye-asidi ye-iodine equkethe umoya-mpilo (+7 valence), ngokuvamile etholakala ngamakristalu angenambala noma ifomu lempushana emhlophe. Inezici ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:
Amandla oxidizing aqinile:Ngamandla okuncishiswa ajwayelekile afika ku-1.6V, ingakwazi ukwenza ingxubevange ehlukahlukene ye-organic kanye ne-inorganic
Ukuncibilika kwamanzi:Incibilika kakhulu emanzini, yakha isixazululo esingenambala
Ukungazinzi kwe-thermal:izobola uma ishisa ngaphezu kuka-100 ° C
I-Acidity:iyingxenye ye-asidi eqinile, ihlukana ngokuphelele nesisombululo esinamanzi
Izindawo zokufaka izicelo eziyinhloko
1. Izicelo ku-Analytical Chemistry
(1) Ukusabela kwe-Malaprade
Ukusetshenziswa okudume kakhulu kwe-periodic acid kusekuhlaziyweni kwamakhemikhali ama-carbohydrate. Ingakwazi ukwenza i-oxidize futhi iphule izakhiwo ze-diol eziseduze (njengama-cis diol kuma-molecule e-carbohydrate) ukuze ikhiqize ama-aldehyde ahambisanayo noma ama-ketone. Lokhu kusabela kusetshenziswa kabanzi ku:
-Ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo se-polysaccharide
- Ukunqunywa kwesakhiwo seketango likashukela kuma-glycoprotein
-Ukuhlaziywa kokulandelana kwe-nucleotide
(2) Ukuzimisela kwenhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo
Indlela ye-oxidation yenkathi ingasetshenziswa ukunquma:
-I-Glycerol nokuqukethwe kwayo kwama-esters
- Okuqukethwe kwe-alpha amino acid
-Amanye ama-phenolic compounds
2. Izicelo ku-Materials Science
(1) Imboni kagesi
- Ukwelashwa komhlaba ngezinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor
-Ukuqoshwa okuncane kwamabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (PCBs)
-Ukuhlanza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi
(2) Ukucubungula insimbi
-Surface passivation treatment of insimbi engagqwali
-Ukuhlanzwa kwensimbi nokulungiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
-Izinyathelo ze-Oxidation kunqubo ye-electroplating
3. Inkambu yezokwelapha
(1) Ibala le-Histological
I-periodic acid Schiff (PAS) indlela yokwenza amabala iyindlela ebalulekile ekuxilongweni kwe-pathological:
-Isetshenziselwa ukuthola ama-polysaccharides nama-glycoprotein ezicutshini
-Ukubonisa ulwelwesi olungaphansi, udonga lwamaseli fungal nezinye izakhiwo
-Ukuxilongwa kokusiza kwezicubu ezithile
(2) Omaka be-Biomolecular
-Ukuhlaziywa kwezindawo ze-protein glycosylation
-Ucwaningo mayelana nezakhiwo zikashukela endaweni yamaseli
4. Izicelo ku-organic synthesis
Njenge-oxidant ekhethiwe, ibamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni okuhlukahlukene kwe-organic:
-Cis dihydroxylation of olefins
-Oxidation ekhethiwe yotshwala
-Ukusabela kokususwa kwamaqembu athile okuzivikela
Izinyathelo zokuphepha
Ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe lapho usebenzisa i-periodic acid:
1. Ukubola: Ukugqwala okuqinile esikhumbeni, emehlweni, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila
2. Ingozi ye-oxidation: Ukuthintana nezinto eziphilayo kungase kubangele umlilo noma ukuqhuma
3. Izidingo zesitoreji: Gcina kude nokukhanya, kuvalwe, futhi endaweni epholile
4. Ukuvikelwa komuntu siqu: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izibuko zokuzivikela, amagilavu, nezimpahla zokuzivikela kufanele zigqokwe.
Ngokuthuthuka kwamasu okuhlaziya kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha, izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwe-acidic periodic zisakhula.
I-Nanomaterial synthesis: njenge-oxidant ehilelekile ekulungiseleleni ama-nanomaterials athile
Amasu okuhlaziya amasha: ahlanganiswe nezisetshenziswa zesimanje zokuhlaziya ezifana ne-mass spectrometry
I-Green Chemistry: Ukuthuthukisa inqubo evumelana nemvelo kakhudlwana yokugaywa kabusha nokusebenzisa kabusha i-acidic periodic
I-Periodate, njenge-oxidant esebenza kahle futhi ethize, idlala indima engenakuthathelwa indawo emikhakheni eyahlukene kusukela ocwaningweni oluyisisekelo kuya ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-10-2025