I-Chemical synthesis yinkalo ebalulekileyo yophando lwenzululwazi yanamhlanje kunye nemveliso yezoshishino. Kubandakanya ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezitsha ngokuphendula kweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, kwaye enye i-reagent ephambili edlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo yi-sodium cyanoborohydride.
Isodium cyanoborohydride, kunye ne-chemical formula NaBH3CN, i-multifunctional enamandla yokunciphisa i-agent esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-organic chemistry. Ixabiswa ngokukodwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukunciphisa ngokukhethayo i-aldehydes kunye ne-ketones kwii-alcohols zazo ezifanelekileyo, okwenza kube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuhlanganiseni amayeza, iikhemikhali ezintle kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-sodium cyanoborohydride njenge-arhente yokunciphisa iimeko zayo zokusabela kancinci. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iiarhente zokunciphisa eziqhele ukusetyenziswa njenge-lithium aluminium hydride,sodium cyanoborohydrideisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezithambileyo, iyenza ikhuseleke kwaye isebenziseke ngakumbi kwizicwangciso zaselabhoratri. Obu bulali kwakhona kuvumela ulawulo olungcono lokusabela, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weempendulo zecala ezingafunekiyo okanye ukunciphisa ngaphezulu kweekhompawundi ekujoliswe kuzo.
Enye inzuzo enkulu yesodium cyanoborohydridekukukhetha kwayo okuphezulu. Xa isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-carbonyl compounds, ngokuqhelekileyo igwema ukuphazamisa amanye amaqela asebenzayo akhoyo kwi-molecule, okubangelwa ukuhlambuluka okucocekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Oku kukhetha kubalulekile ekudityanisweni kweemolekyuli ze-organic eziyinkimbinkimbi, apho ukugcinwa kwamanye amaqela asebenzayo ngokuqhelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwisakhiwo sekhemikhali esifunwayo kunye neempawu.
Ukongeza ekubeni yiarhente yokunciphisa,sodium cyanoborohydrideingasetyenziswa kwezinye iinguqulelo zeekhemikhali. Ingasetyenziselwa i-amination yokunciphisa i-aldehydes kunye ne-ketones, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-heterocyclic. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokuhambelana kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaqela asebenzayo kwenza kube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiikhemisti ezijongene nemingeni eyahlukeneyo yokwenziwa.
Ukongeza,sodium cyanoborohydrideyaziwa ngokuzinza kunye nokulula ukuphatha. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-reagents zokuphendula, inokugcinwa kwaye ithuthwe ngaphandle kwamanyathelo okhuseleko agqithisileyo, iyenza isebenze ngakumbi kwizifundo nakwindawo yoshishino.
Nangonasodium cyanoborohydrideineenzuzo ezininzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, njengayo nayiphi na iarhente yeekhemikhali, kufuneka iphathwe ngononophelo kwaye ilandele iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko. Nangona ithathwa njengekhuselekile kunezinye ii-agent zokunciphisa, iseyikhemikhali enamandla kwaye amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kufuneka athathwe phantsi kwesikhokelo sosokhemisti onamava.
Ukuququmbela,sodium cyanoborohydrideidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudibaneni kweekhemikhali, ngakumbi ekucuthweni kweekhompawundi ze-carbonyl kunye nolunye utshintsho olunxulumeneyo. Iimeko zayo zokusabela ezithambileyo, ukukhetha okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka, kunye nozinzo kuyenza ibe yi-asethi exabisekileyo kwibhokisi yezixhobo ze-synthetic chemist. Njengoko uphando kunye nophuhliso kwintsimi ye-organic chemistry iqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili, ukubalulekasodium cyanoborohydrideekwenzeni utshintsho olutsha lweekhemikhali kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweekhompawundi zenoveli kuya kuhlala kubalulekile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-29-2024