1. Ukulungiselela ukugqoka
Ukuze kube lula uvavanyo lwe-electrochemical kamva, kukhethwa i-30mm × 4 mm 304 stainless steel njengesiseko. Pholisha uze ususe umaleko we-oxide oseleyo kunye namabala okugqwala kumphezulu we-substrate nge-sandpaper, uwafake kwi-beaker equlethe i-acetone, unyange amabala kumphezulu we-substrate nge-bg-06c ultrasonic cleaner yenkampani ye-elektroniki yaseBangjie imizuzu engama-20, susa inkunkuma egugileyo kumphezulu we-substrate yesinyithi ngotywala namanzi acociweyo, uze uyomise nge-blower. Emva koko, i-alumina (Al2O3), i-graphene kunye ne-hybrid carbon nanotube (mwnt-coohsdbs) zalungiswa ngokwemilinganiselo (100: 0: 0, 99.8: 0.2: 0, 99.8: 0: 0.2, 99.6: 0.2: 0.2), kwaye zifakwe kwi-ball mill (qm-3sp2 yeNanjing NANDA instrument factory) yokugaya nokuxuba ibhola. Isantya sokujikeleza kwe-ball mill simiselwe kwi-220 R / min, kwaye i-ball mill yajikwa yaba
Emva kokusila ibhola, seta isantya sokujikeleza kwetanki yokusila ibhola sibe yi-1/2 ngokutshintshiselana emva kokuba ukusila ibhola kugqityiwe, kwaye seta isantya sokujikeleza kwetanki yokusila ibhola sibe yi-1/2 ngokutshintshiselana emva kokuba ukusila ibhola kugqityiwe. I-aggregate ye-ceramic egayiweyo yebhola kunye ne-binder zixutywa ngokulinganayo ngokweqhezu lobunzima be-1.0 ∶ 0.8. Ekugqibeleni, i-adhesive ceramic coating ifunyenwe ngenkqubo yokusila.
2. Uvavanyo lokugqwala
Kolu phononongo, uvavanyo lokugqwala kwe-electrochemical lusebenzisa indawo yokusebenza ye-electrochemical yaseShanghai Chenhua chi660e, kwaye uvavanyo lusebenzisa inkqubo yovavanyo lwe-electrode ezintathu. I-electrode yeplatinum yi-electrode encedisayo, i-electrode yesilivere ye-chloride yesilivere yi-electrode ebhekisayo, kwaye isampuli egqunyiweyo yi-electrode esebenzayo, enendawo yokuvezwa esebenzayo eyi-1cm2. Qhagamshela i-electrode ebhekisayo, i-electrode esebenzayo kunye ne-electrode encedisayo kwiseli ye-electrolytic kunye nesixhobo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiMifanekiso 1 kunye no-2. Ngaphambi kovavanyo, cwilisa isampuli kwi-electrolyte, eyisisombululo se-NaCl esiyi-3.5%.
3. Uhlalutyo lweTafel lokugqwala kweengubo nge-electrochemical
Umzobo 3 ubonisa igophe leTafel le-substrate engagqunywanga kunye ne-ceramic coating egqunywe zi-nano additives ezahlukeneyo emva kwe-electrochemical corrosion kangangeeyure ezili-19. I-corrosion voltage, i-corrosion current density kunye nedatha yovavanyo lwe-electrical impedance efunyenwe kuvavanyo lwe-electrochemical corrosion iboniswe kwiTheyibhile 1.
Ngenisa
Xa uxinano lwangoku lwe-corrosion luncinci kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuxhathisa ukugqwala kuphezulu, isiphumo sokuxhathisa ukugqwala kwengubo siba ngcono. Kunokubonwa kwiMfanekiso 3 kunye neTheyibhile 1 ukuba xa ixesha lokugqwala liyi-19h, i-voltage ephezulu yokugqwala ye-matrix yentsimbi engenanto yi--0.680 V, kwaye uxinano lwangoku lwe-corrosion lwe-matrix nalo lukhulu, lufikelela kwi-2.890 × 10-6 A/cm2 。 Xa igqunywe nge-alumina ceramic coating ecocekileyo, uxinano lwangoku lwe-corrosion lwehla lwaya kwi-78% kwaye i-PE yayiyi-22.01%. Ibonisa ukuba i-ceramic coating idlala indima engcono yokukhusela kwaye inokuphucula ukuxhathisa ukugqwala kwengubo kwi-electrolyte engathathi hlangothi.
Xa kongezwa i-0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs okanye i-0.2% graphene kwi-coating, uxinano lwangoku lwe-corrosion lwancipha, ukumelana kwanda, kwaye ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-coating kwaphucuka ngakumbi, nge-PE ye-38.48% kunye ne-40.10% ngokulandelelana. Xa umphezulu ugqunywe nge-0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs kunye ne-0.2% graphene mixed alumina coating, i-corrosion current incitshiswa ngakumbi ukusuka kwi-2.890 × 10-6 A / cm2 ukuya kwi-1.536 × 10-6 A / cm2, ixabiso eliphezulu lokuxhathisa, landa ukusuka kwi-11388 Ω ukuya kwi-28079 Ω, kwaye i-PE ye-coating ingafikelela kwi-46.85%. Ibonisa ukuba imveliso ekujoliswe kuyo elungisiweyo inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, kwaye isiphumo sokusebenzisana kwee-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-graphene sinokuphucula ngempumelelo ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-ceramic coating.
4. Isiphumo sokufunxa ixesha kwi-coating impedance
Ukuze kuhlolwe ngakumbi ukumelana nokugqwala kwengubo, kujongwa impembelelo yexesha lokuntywiliselwa kwesampuli kwi-electrolyte kuvavanyo, kufunyanwa iijika zotshintsho lokuxhathisa kwengubo ezine ngexesha lokuntywiliselwa ezahlukeneyo, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 4.
Ngenisa
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuntywiliselwa (iiyure ezili-10), ngenxa yoxinano oluhle kunye nolwakhiwo lwengubo, i-electrolyte kunzima ukuyintywilisela kwingubo. Ngeli xesha, ingubo yeseramikhi ibonisa ukumelana okuphezulu. Emva kokuntywiliselwa ixesha elithile, ukumelana kuncipha kakhulu, kuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-electrolyte yenza itshaneli yokugqwala ngokusebenzisa iimbobo kunye neentanda kwingubo kwaye ingena kwi-matrix, nto leyo ebangela ukuncipha okukhulu kokuxhathisa kwengubo.
Kwinqanaba lesibini, xa iimveliso zokugqwala zisanda ukuya kwinani elithile, ukusasazeka kuyavalwa kwaye umsantsa uvalwa kancinci kancinci. Kwangaxeshanye, xa i-electrolyte ingena kwi-bonding interface yomaleko osezantsi wokubopha / matrix, iimolekyuli zamanzi ziya kusabela kunye ne-Fe element kwi-matrix kwindawo yokudibanisa / matrix ukuvelisa ifilimu encinci ye-oxide yesinyithi, ethintela ukungena kwe-electrolyte kwi-matrix kwaye yonyusa ixabiso lokuxhathisa. Xa i-matrix yesinyithi engenanto ibola nge-electrochemically, uninzi lwe-flocculent precipitation eluhlaza iveliswa ezantsi kwe-electrolyte. Isisombululo se-electrolytic asizange sitshintshe umbala xa kusetyenziswa i-electrolyze kwisampuli egqunywe nge-coating, nto leyo enokubonisa ukuba kukho i-chemical reaction engentla.
Ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokuntywila kunye nezinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ngaphandle, ukuze kufunyanwe ngakumbi ulwalamano oluchanekileyo lotshintsho lweeparamitha ze-electrochemical, ii-Tafel curves zeeyure ezili-19 kunye neeyure ezili-19.5 ziyahlalutywa. Uxinano lwangoku lokugqwala kunye nokumelana okufunyenwe yisoftware yohlalutyo lwe-zsimpwin kuboniswe kwiTheyibhile 2. Kunokufunyaniswa ukuba xa kumanziswa iiyure ezili-19, xa kuthelekiswa ne-substrate engenanto, uxinano lwangoku lokugqwala lwe-alumina ecocekileyo kunye ne-alumina composite coating equlethe izinto ze-nano additive zincinci kwaye ixabiso lokuxhathisa likhulu. Ixabiso lokuxhathisa le-ceramic coating equlethe ii-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-coating equlethe i-graphene liphantse lifane, ngelixa isakhiwo se-coating esinee-carbon nanotubes kunye nezinto ze-graphene composite siphuculwa kakhulu, Oku kungenxa yokuba isiphumo se-synergistic see-one-dimensional carbon nanotubes kunye ne-two-dimensional graphene siphucula ukuxhathisa kokugqwala kwezinto.
Njengoko ixesha lokuntywiliselwa lisanda (iiyure ezili-19.5), ukumelana kwe-substrate engenanto kuyakhula, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ikwinqanaba lesibini lokugqwala kwaye ifilimu ye-oxide yesinyithi iveliswa kumphezulu we-substrate. Ngokufanayo, xa ixesha lisanda, ukumelana kwe-alumina ceramic coating ecocekileyo nako kuyakhula, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ngeli xesha, nangona kukho isiphumo esicothayo se-ceramic coating, i-electrolyte ingene kwi-bonding interface ye-coating / matrix, kwaye ivelise ifilimu ye-oxide ngokusebenzisa i-chemical reaction.
Xa kuthelekiswa noqweqwe lwe-alumina olune-0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs, uqweqwe lwe-alumina olune-0.2% graphene kunye noqweqwe lwe-alumina olune-0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs kunye ne-0.2% graphene, ukumelana noqweqwe kwehla kakhulu ngokwanda kwexesha, kwehle nge-22.94%, 25.60% kunye ne-9.61% ngokulandelelana, okubonisa ukuba i-electrolyte ayizange ingene kwi-joint phakathi koqweqwe kunye ne-substrate ngeli xesha, Oku kungenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lwee-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-graphene luvimba ukungena kwe-electrolyte ezantsi, ngaloo ndlela lukhusela i-matrix. Isiphumo sokusebenzisana kwezi zimbini siqinisekiswa ngakumbi. Uqweqwe olunezixhobo ezimbini ze-nano lunokumelana nokugqwala okungcono.
Ngokusebenzisa i-Tafel curve kunye ne-change curve yexabiso le-electrical impedance, kufunyaniswe ukuba i-alumina ceramic coating ene-graphene, ii-carbon nanotubes kunye nomxube wazo zinokuphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-metal matrix, kwaye isiphumo sokusebenzisana kwezi zimbini sinokuphucula ngakumbi ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-adhesive ceramic coating. Ukuze kuhlolwe ngakumbi impembelelo ye-nano additives ekumelaneni nokugqwala kwe-coating, i-micro surface morphology ye-coating emva kokugqwala yabonwa.
Ngenisa
Umfanekiso 5 (A1, A2, B1, B2) ubonisa indlela umphezulu we-304 stainless steel stainless kunye ne-coated pure alumina ceramics ezivezwe ngayo xa zikhuliswa ngokwahlukeneyo emva kokubola. Umfanekiso 5 (A2) ubonisa ukuba umphezulu emva kokubola uba rhabaxa. Kwi-substrate engenanto, kuvela imingxuma emininzi emikhulu yokubola kumphezulu emva kokuntywiliselwa kwi-electrolyte, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukumelana nokubola kwe-matrix yentsimbi engenanto akukuhle kwaye i-electrolyte kulula ukungena kwi-matrix. Kwi-pure alumina ceramic coating, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 5 (B2), nangona imijelo yokubola enemingxuma iveliswa emva kokubola, isakhiwo esixineneyo kunye nokuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokubola kwe-pure alumina ceramic coating ngempumelelo kuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwe-electrolyte, nto leyo echaza isizathu sokuphuculwa okusebenzayo kwe-impedance ye-alumina ceramic coating.
Ngenisa
Imo yobuso be-mwnt-cooh-sdbs, ii-coating ezine-0.2% graphene kunye nee-coating ezine-0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs kunye ne-0.2% graphene. Kuyabonakala ukuba ii-coating ezimbini ezine-graphene kuMfanekiso 6 (B2 kunye no-C2) zinesakhiwo esithe tyaba, ukubopha phakathi kwee-particles kwi-coating kuqinile, kwaye ii-aggregate particles zigqunywe ngokuqinileyo nge-adhesive. Nangona umphezulu ukhukuliswe yi-electrolyte, kwenziwa imijelo embalwa yee-pore. Emva kokubola, umphezulu we-coating uxinene kwaye kukho izakhiwo ezimbalwa ezingalunganga. KuMfanekiso 6 (A1, A2), ngenxa yeempawu ze-mwnt-cooh-sdbs, i-coating ngaphambi kokubola yisakhiwo esine-porous esasasazwa ngokulinganayo. Emva kokubola, ii-pores zenxalenye yokuqala ziba mxinwa kwaye zibe zinde, kwaye i-channel iba nzulu. Xa kuthelekiswa noMfanekiso 6 (B2, C2), isakhiwo sinee-possess ezingaphezulu, ezihambelana nokusasazwa kobungakanani bexabiso le-impedance ye-coating elifunyenwe kuvavanyo lwe-electrochemical corrosion. Ibonisa ukuba uqweqwe lwe-alumina ceramic olune-graphene, ingakumbi umxube we-graphene kunye ne-carbon nanotube, lunokumelana nokugqwala okungcono. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lwe-carbon nanotube kunye ne-graphene lunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukusasazeka kweentanda kwaye lukhusele i-matrix.
5. Ingxoxo kunye nesishwankathelo
Ngovavanyo lokumelana nokugqwala kwee-carbon nanotubes kunye nezongezo ze-graphene kwi-alumina ceramic coating kunye nohlalutyo lwe-microstructure yomphezulu we-coating, kufikelelwa kwizigqibo ezilandelayo:
(1) Xa ixesha lokubola laliziiyure ezili-19, kongezwa i-0.2% hybrid carbon nanotube + 0.2% graphene mixed material alumina ceramic coating, i-corrosion current density inyuke ukusuka kwi-2.890 × 10-6 A / cm2 ukuya kwi-1.536 × 10-6 A / cm2, i-electrical impedance inyusiwe ukusuka kwi-11388 Ω ukuya kwi-28079 Ω, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuchasana nokubola yeyona inkulu, yi-46.85%. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-alumina ceramic coating ecocekileyo, i-composite coating ene-graphene kunye ne-carbon nanotubes inokumelana nokubola okungcono.
(2) Njengoko ixesha lokuntywiliselwa kwe-electrolyte lisanda, i-electrolyte ingena kumphezulu odibeneyo we-coating/substrate ukuze ivelise ifilimu ye-metal oxide, ethintela ukungena kwe-electrolyte kwi-substrate. I-electrical impedance iyancipha kuqala ize inyuke, kwaye ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-alumina ceramic coating ecocekileyo ayilunganga. Ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenzisana kwee-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-graphene kuthintele ukungena kwe-electrolyte ezantsi. Xa imanziswe iiyure ezili-19.5, i-electrical impedance ye-coating equlethe izinto ze-nano yehle nge-22.94%, 25.60% kunye ne-9.61% ngokulandelelana, kwaye ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-coating bekulungile.
6. Indlela yokuchasana nokugqwala kwepeyinti
Ngokusebenzisa i-Tafel curve kunye ne-change curve yexabiso le-electrical impedance, kufunyaniswe ukuba i-alumina ceramic coating ene-graphene, ii-carbon nanotubes kunye nomxube wazo zinokuphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-metal matrix, kwaye isiphumo sokusebenzisana kwezi zimbini sinokuphucula ngakumbi ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-adhesive ceramic coating. Ukuze kuhlolwe ngakumbi impembelelo ye-nano additives ekumelaneni nokugqwala kwe-coating, i-micro surface morphology ye-coating emva kokugqwala yabonwa.
Umfanekiso 5 (A1, A2, B1, B2) ubonisa indlela umphezulu we-304 stainless steel stainless kunye ne-coated pure alumina ceramics ezivezwe ngayo xa zikhuliswa ngokwahlukeneyo emva kokubola. Umfanekiso 5 (A2) ubonisa ukuba umphezulu emva kokubola uba rhabaxa. Kwi-substrate engenanto, kuvela imingxuma emininzi emikhulu yokubola kumphezulu emva kokuntywiliselwa kwi-electrolyte, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukumelana nokubola kwe-matrix yentsimbi engenanto akukuhle kwaye i-electrolyte kulula ukungena kwi-matrix. Kwi-pure alumina ceramic coating, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 5 (B2), nangona imijelo yokubola enemingxuma iveliswa emva kokubola, isakhiwo esixineneyo kunye nokuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokubola kwe-pure alumina ceramic coating ngempumelelo kuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwe-electrolyte, nto leyo echaza isizathu sokuphuculwa okusebenzayo kwe-impedance ye-alumina ceramic coating.
Imo yobuso be-mwnt-cooh-sdbs, ii-coating ezine-0.2% graphene kunye nee-coating ezine-0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs kunye ne-0.2% graphene. Kuyabonakala ukuba ii-coating ezimbini ezine-graphene kuMfanekiso 6 (B2 kunye no-C2) zinesakhiwo esithe tyaba, ukubopha phakathi kwee-particles kwi-coating kuqinile, kwaye ii-aggregate particles zigqunywe ngokuqinileyo nge-adhesive. Nangona umphezulu ukhukuliswe yi-electrolyte, kwenziwa imijelo embalwa yee-pore. Emva kokubola, umphezulu we-coating uxinene kwaye kukho izakhiwo ezimbalwa ezingalunganga. KuMfanekiso 6 (A1, A2), ngenxa yeempawu ze-mwnt-cooh-sdbs, i-coating ngaphambi kokubola yisakhiwo esine-porous esasasazwa ngokulinganayo. Emva kokubola, ii-pores zenxalenye yokuqala ziba mxinwa kwaye zibe zinde, kwaye i-channel iba nzulu. Xa kuthelekiswa noMfanekiso 6 (B2, C2), isakhiwo sinee-possess ezingaphezulu, ezihambelana nokusasazwa kobungakanani bexabiso le-impedance ye-coating elifunyenwe kuvavanyo lwe-electrochemical corrosion. Ibonisa ukuba uqweqwe lwe-alumina ceramic olune-graphene, ingakumbi umxube we-graphene kunye ne-carbon nanotube, lunokumelana nokugqwala okungcono. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lwe-carbon nanotube kunye ne-graphene lunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukusasazeka kweentanda kwaye lukhusele i-matrix.
7. Ingxoxo kunye nesishwankathelo
Ngovavanyo lokumelana nokugqwala kwee-carbon nanotubes kunye nezongezo ze-graphene kwi-alumina ceramic coating kunye nohlalutyo lwe-microstructure yomphezulu we-coating, kufikelelwa kwizigqibo ezilandelayo:
(1) Xa ixesha lokubola laliziiyure ezili-19, kongezwa i-0.2% hybrid carbon nanotube + 0.2% graphene mixed material alumina ceramic coating, i-corrosion current density inyuke ukusuka kwi-2.890 × 10-6 A / cm2 ukuya kwi-1.536 × 10-6 A / cm2, i-electrical impedance inyusiwe ukusuka kwi-11388 Ω ukuya kwi-28079 Ω, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuchasana nokubola yeyona inkulu, yi-46.85%. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-alumina ceramic coating ecocekileyo, i-composite coating ene-graphene kunye ne-carbon nanotubes inokumelana nokubola okungcono.
(2) Njengoko ixesha lokuntywiliselwa kwe-electrolyte lisanda, i-electrolyte ingena kumphezulu odibeneyo we-coating/substrate ukuze ivelise ifilimu ye-metal oxide, ethintela ukungena kwe-electrolyte kwi-substrate. I-electrical impedance iyancipha kuqala ize inyuke, kwaye ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-alumina ceramic coating ecocekileyo ayilunganga. Ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenzisana kwee-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-graphene kuthintele ukungena kwe-electrolyte ezantsi. Xa imanziswe iiyure ezili-19.5, i-electrical impedance ye-coating equlethe izinto ze-nano yehle nge-22.94%, 25.60% kunye ne-9.61% ngokulandelelana, kwaye ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-coating bekulungile.
(3) Ngenxa yeempawu zee-carbon nanotubes, uphahla olongezwe ngee-carbon nanotubes zodwa lunesakhiwo esinamanzi asasazekileyo ngokulinganayo ngaphambi kokubola. Emva kokubola, ii-pores zenxalenye yokuqala ziba mxinwa kwaye zibe zinde, kwaye imijelo iba nzulu. Uphahla oluqulethe i-graphene lunesakhiwo esithe tyaba ngaphambi kokubola, indibaniselwano phakathi kwamasuntswana kwi-coating isondelelene, kwaye amasuntswana ahlanganisiweyo asongelwe ngokuqinileyo nge-glue. Nangona umphezulu ukhukuliswa yi-electrolyte emva kokubola, zimbalwa ii-pore channels kwaye isakhiwo sisaxinene. Ulwakhiwo lwee-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-graphene lunokuthintela ngempumelelo ukusasazeka kwee-crack kwaye lukhusele i-matrix.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-09-2022