(I-Lithium metal anode) Isigaba sokudibanisa ubuso be-anion-derived electrolyte esomeleleyo esitsha

I-Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuchaza isigaba esitsha esenziwe phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-electrolyte kwiibhetri ezisebenzayo. Amandla aphezulu e-lithium (Li) iibhetri zetsimbi zithintelwa kakhulu yi-dendritic lithium deposition ekhokelwa yi-SEI engeyiyo iyunifomu. Nangona ineenzuzo ezizodwa ekuphuculeni ukufana kwe-lithium deposition, kwizicelo eziphathekayo, umphumo we-anion-derived SEI awufanelekanga. Kungekudala, iqela lophando likaZhang Qiang elivela kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua licebise ukusebenzisa i-anion receptors ukulungelelanisa isakhiwo se-electrolyte ukwakha i-SEI esekelwe kwi-anion. I-tris (pentafluorophenyl) i-borane anion receptor (TPFPB) kunye ne-electron-deficient boron athom isebenzisana ne-bis (fluorosulfonimide) anion (FSI-) ukunciphisa ukuzinza kokunciphisa i-FSI-. Ukongezelela, phambi kweTFPPB, uhlobo lwe-ion clusters (AGG) ye-FSI-kwi-electrolyte itshintshile, kwaye i-FSI- isebenzisana ne-Li + ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke, ukubola kwe-FSI- kukhuthazwa ukuvelisa i-Li2S, kwaye ukuzinza kwe-SEI ephuma kwi-anion kuphuculwe.

I-SEI yenziwe ngemveliso yokunciphisa i-electrolyte. Ukubunjwa kunye nokwakheka kwe-SEI kulawulwa ikakhulu yisakhiwo se-electrolyte, oko kukuthi, ukusebenzisana kwe-microscopic phakathi kwe-solvent, anion, kunye ne-Li +. Isakhiwo se-electrolyte sitshintsha nje kuphela ngohlobo lwe-solvent kunye ne-lithium ityuwa, kodwa kunye nokuxinwa kwetyuwa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-electrolyte ephezulu-concentration (HCE) kunye ne-electrolyte ephezulu-concentration yendawo (LHCE) ibonise iingenelo ezizodwa ekuzinziseni i-lithium metal anodes ngokwenza i-SEI ezinzileyo. Umlinganiselo we-molar we-solvent kwi-lithium ityuwa iphantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-2) kwaye i-anions ifakwe kwi-sheath yokuqala ye-solvation ye-Li +, yenze i-ion pairs (CIP) kunye ne-aggregation (AGG) kwi-HCE okanye i-LHCE. Ukubunjwa kwe-SEI emva koko kulawulwa yi-anions kwi-HCE kunye ne-LHCE, ebizwa ngokuba yi-anion-derived SEI. Nangona ukusebenza kwayo okukhangayo ekuzinziseni i-lithium metal anodes, ii-SEI zangoku ze-anion-derived SEIs azanelanga ukuhlangabezana nemingeni yeemeko eziphathekayo. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubela phambili nokuphucula uzinzo kunye nokufana kwe-SEI ephuma kwi-anion ukuze koyiswe imingeni phantsi kweemeko zokwenene.

Ii-anion ngendlela ye-CIP kunye ne-AGG zezona ziphambili ze-SEI ephuma kwi-anion. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-electrolyte structure ye-anions ilawulwa ngokungathanga ngqo yi-Li +, kuba intlawulo efanelekileyo ye-solvent kunye ne-diluent molecules iyancipha indawo kwaye ayikwazi ukusebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-anions. Ngoko ke, izicwangciso ezintsha zokulawula ukwakheka kwee-electrolytes ze-anionic ngokusebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo kunye nee-anions zilindeleke kakhulu.