I-Ammonium molybdate, ikhompawundi ye-inorganic eyenziwe yi-molybdenum, ioksijini, initrogen, kunye ne-hydrogen element (edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-ammonium tetramolybdate okanye i-ammonium heptamolybdate), kudala igqitha indima yayo njengesixhobo sokuvuselela elabhoratri ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa zekhemikhali - umsebenzi ogqwesileyo we-catalytic, ukukwazi ukwenza i-complexes okanye i-complexes ye-fosfate. i-molybdenum oxides esebenzayo okanye i-metallic molybdenum phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ibe lilitye lembombo lekhemikhali eliyimfuneko elixhasa iindawo ezininzi eziphambili ezifana neshishini langoku, ezolimo, isayensi yezixhobo, kunye novavanyo lokusingqongileyo.
I-1.Injini engundoqo kwintsimi ye-catalysis: ukuqhuba amandla acocekileyo kunye noshishino lweekhemikhali olusebenzayo
Kwintsimi ye-catalysis,i-ammonium molybdateinokuthathwa "njengelitye lembombo ekrwada". Injongo yayo ephambili kukuvelisa i-hydroprocessing catalysts (i-HDS catalyst ye-desulfurization, i-HDN catalyst ye-denitrification). Ukuthatha ukucocwa kwepetroleum njengomzekelo, uninzi lwe-ammonium molybdate esetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela unyaka nonyaka isetyenziselwa le njongo:
I-deep desulfurization kunye ne-denitrification: I-molybdenum oxide eveliswa ngokuchithwa kwe-ammonium molybdate ilayishwe kwi-alumina carrier kwaye idibaniswe ne-cobalt okanye i-nickel oxides ukwenza i-precursor yecandelo elisebenzayo le-catalyst. Le catalyst inokubola ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iguqule i-sulfides ephilayo (efana ne-thiophene) kunye ne-nitrides ye-organic kwi-oyile ekrwada kunye namaqhezu ayo (afana ne-diesel kunye ne-petroli) ibe yi-hydrogen sulfide ekwahlula ngokulula, i-ammonia, kunye ne-hydrocarbons egcweleyo kwindawo yokushisa ephezulu kunye ne-high-pressure ye-hydrogen. Oku akuncitshi kakhulu kuphela umxholo wesulfure wamafutha emoto (ukudibana nemithetho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo efana nemigangatho ye-Euro VI), kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemvula ye-asidi kunye ne-PM2.5 ye-precursor SOx, kodwa iphucula ukuzinza kwamafutha kunye nokusebenza kweenjini.
Ukwandiswa kwezicelo: Kwinkqubo ekhethiweyo ye-hydrogenation ye-liquefaction yamalahle, i-oyile kunye ne-fat hydrogenation yokucoca ukuvelisa i-oyile yemifuno ye-grade yokutya okanye i-biodiesel, kunye neemveliso ezahlukeneyo zemichiza ye-organic, i-catalysts esekelwe kwi-ammonium molybdate nayo idlala indima ephambili, iqhuba imveliso esebenzayo kunye necocekileyo yevili elikhulu.
2.I-classicrula ye-analytical chemistry: "iliso legolide" lokufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo
I-“molybdenum blue method” esekwe yi-ammonium molybdate kwi-analytical chemistry ngumgangatho wegolide wokufunyanwa komyinge wephosphate (PO ₄³ ⁻), eye yafunyanwa.
kuvavanywa iminyaka elikhulu:
Umgaqo wophuhliso lombala: Kwindawo eneasidi, iiyoni zephosphate zidibana ne-ammonium molybdate ukuze zenze i-complex ye-phosphomolybdic acid complex. Olu bunzima lunokukhethwa ngokunciphisa ama-agent afana ne-ascorbic acid kunye ne-stannous chloride, ukuvelisa umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka "i-molybdenum blue". Ubunzulu bombala wayo buhambelana ngokungqongqo noxinzelelo lwephosphate kwi-wavelength ethile (efana ne-880nm).
Ukusetyenziswa okubanzi: Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekubekweni kweliso kwendalo (uvavanyo lomngcipheko we-eutrophication kumanzi angaphezulu kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus wamanzi amdaka), uphando lwezolimo (ukuzimisela komhlaba okhoyo phosphorus kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus yesichumisi), imboni yokutya (ukulawulwa komxholo we-phosphorus kwiziselo kunye nezongezelelo), kunye ne-biochemistry (uhlalutyo lwe-phosphorus ye-inorganic kwi-serum kunye ne-cellular metabolites) ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu le-travelation ye-costsensitivity, kunye ne-travelation ye-cell ephantsi. Inika inkxaso yedatha ethembekileyo yokukhusela umgangatho wamanzi, ukuchumisa ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nophando lwesayensi yobomi.
I-3.Indima ye-Dual ye-metal processing kunye ne-metallurgy: ingcali yokukhusela nokucoca
I-corrosion inhibitor esebenzayo: I-Ammonium molybdate isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-anodic corrosion inhibitor kunyango lwamanzi lwemizi-mveliso (ezifana neenkqubo ezinkulu zokupholisa umoya womoya ophakathi, amanzi okutya kwibhoyila) kunye ne-injini yokupholisa i-automotive ngenxa yobuhlobo bayo bendalo (ityhefu ephantsi xa ithelekiswa nechromate) kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo. I-oxidizes kumphezulu wesinyithi (ingakumbi intsimbi kunye ne-aluminium alloys) ukwenza ifilimu eshinyeneyo kunye nenamathela kakhulu kwi-molybdenum esekelwe kwi-passivation film (efana ne-iron molybdate kunye ne-calcium molybdate), ithintela ngokufanelekileyo ukubola kwe-substrate ngamanzi, i-oksijini enyibilikileyo, kunye ne-oksijini ebolileyo, kunye nokwandisa i-ion ion (inkonzo yokwandisa ubomi).
Umthombo we-metal molybdenum kunye ne-alloys: i-high-purity ammonium molybdate yi-precursor ephambili yokuvelisa i-high-purity metal molybdenum powder. I-molybdenum powder ehlangabezana neemfuno ze-powder metallurgy inokuveliswa ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lokubala kunye neenkqubo zokunciphisa (ngokuqhelekileyo kumoya we-hydrogen). Ezi powders ze-molybdenum zingaqhutyelwa phambili ukuvelisa izinto zokufudumeza eziko lobushushu obuphezulu, i-semiconductor industry crucibles, i-high-performance molybdenum alloys (njenge-molybdenum titanium zirconium alloys esetyenziselwa i-aerospace i-high-temperature components), kunye neemveliso eziphezulu eziphezulu ezifana ne-sputtering targets.
4.EzoLimo: 'UMbhiyozo woBomi' wokulandelela izinto
I-Molybdenum yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokulandelela izityalo kwaye ibalulekile kumsebenzi we-nitrogenase kunye ne-nitrate reductase.
Undoqo wesichumiso se-molybdenum: I-Ammonium molybdate (ingakumbi i-ammonium tetramolybdate) yeyona nto iphambili ekuveliseni izichumisi ze-molybdenum ezisebenzayo ngenxa yokunyibilika kwayo kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nokufumaneka kwe-bioavailability. Ukufakwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ukutshizwa njengesichumiso samagqabi kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kulungiswe iimpawu zokunqongophala kwe-molybdenum (ezifana nokuba tyheli kwegqabi, iziphene – “whip tail disease”, inhibition yokukhula) kwizityalo ezinemidumba (ezifana neembotyi zesoya kunye nealfalfa ezixhomekeke kwirhizobia ekulungiseni initrogen) kunye nezityalo ezinqamlezileyo kunye nentyatyambo ye-cruciperous.
Ukwandisa isivuno kunye nokuphucula umgangatho: Ukondliwa okwaneleyo kwesichumiso se-ammonium molybdate kunokukhuthaza ngokubonakalayo ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-nitrogen yezityalo, ukwandisa iprotheni synthesis, ukomeleza ukumelana noxinzelelo, kwaye ekugqibeleni kuphuculwe isivuno kunye nomgangatho wezityalo, obaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lokutya kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezolimo.
5. ISayensi yeMaterials: 'Umthombo woBulumko' kwiiMathiriyeli eziSebenzayo
Amandla okuguqula imichiza ye-ammonium molybdate ibonelela ngendlela ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kwezinto eziphambili:
Iiseramics ezisebenzayo kunye nezandulela zokugquma: ngokusebenzisa ijeli yesol, ukomiswa kokutshiza, ukubola kwe-thermal kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe, isisombululo se-ammonium molybdate sinokusetyenziswa njengesandulela sokulungiselela i-molybdenum esekwe umgubo weceramic (njenge-lead molybdate piezoelectric ceramics) ngombane okhethekileyo, optical okanye osebenzayo njengempahla yokunxiba, kunye ne-cocaresistant ukulawula iingubo).
Isiqalo sezinto ezintsha ze-molybdenum: Njengomthombo we-molybdenum, i-ammonium molybdate isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-laboratory kunye nezicelo zoshishino ukudibanisa i-molybdenum disulfide (i-MoS ₂, i-lubricant eqinile, i-lithium negative electrode material), i-molybdenum esekelwe kwi-polyoxometalates (i-polyoxometalates, i-antiviral esebenzayo kunye nezinye izinto ze-antiviral, i-antiviral kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-antiviral). i-molybdates (njengezinto ze-photocatalytic, izinto ze-fluorescent).
6.Ishishini lombane: “iqhawe elisemva kwemiboniso” lemveliso echanekileyo
Kwimveliso ye-elektroniki echanekileyo, i-ammonium molybdate ikwafumene izicelo ezithile:
Isiphuculi se-flame retardant: Ezinye iifomyula eziqulethe i-ammonium molybdate zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha izinto zepolymer (ezifana neplastiki yokugquma iingcingo kunye neentambo, i-substrates yebhodi yesekethe), ngokukhuthaza i-carbonization kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokubola kwe-thermal, ukuphucula ukulinganiswa komlilo kunye nokunciphisa umsi ekusebenzeni kwezinto.
I-Electroplating kunye ne-chemical plating components: Kwiinkqubo ezithile ze-alloy electroplating okanye iinkqubo ze-chemical plating, i-ammonium molybdate ingasetyenziselwa njengesongezo sokuphucula ukukhazimla, ukuchasa ukunxiba, okanye ukuxhathisa ukubola kwengubo.
Ukusuka kwintliziyo esulungekisa ioli eqhuba iinqanawa ezinkulu kuhambo olude ukuya kwikhaka elithintela ukubola elikhusela izixhobo ezichanekileyo; Ukusuka kwi-reagent ebuthathaka etyhila umkhondo wezinto ze-phosphorus kwihlabathi le-microscopic, ukuya kumthunywa wezinto zokulandelela ezondla amasimi amakhulu; Ukususela kumathambo aqinile e-alloys ephezulu yokushisa ukuya kwi-innovative source of cutting-edge functional materials - imephu yesiceloi-ammonium molybdate- iqinisekisa ngokunzulu indawo ephambili yeekhemikhali ezisisiseko kwimpucuko yetekhnoloji yanamhlanje.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-05-2025