i-asidi yexesha(HIO ₄) yi-asidi enamandla engabonakaliyo ebalulekileyo eneentlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo njenge-oxidant kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi kunye nezoshishino. Eli nqaku liza kubonelela ngentshayelelo eneenkcukacha kwiimpawu zale khompawundi ikhethekileyo kunye nezicelo zayo ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Iipropati zekhemikhali ze-asidi ye-periodic
I-Periodate yeyona acid iphezulu ye-oxidation ye-iodine (+7 valence), edla ngokubakho kwiikristale ezingenambala okanye kwimo yomgubo omhlophe. Ineempawu ezibalulekileyo ezilandelayo:
Amandla okuqinisa i-oxidizing:Ngomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo wokunciphisa amandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.6V, inokuthi i-oxidize iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo ze-organic kunye ne-inorganic
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi:Iyanyibilika kakhulu emanzini, yenza isisombululo esingenambala
Ukungazinzi kobushushu:iya kubola xa ishushu ngaphezulu kwe-100°C
Ubumuncu:yeyomdiliya onamandla, yahlukana ngokupheleleyo kwisisombululo samanzi
Iindawo eziphambili zesicelo
1. Izicelo kwiKhemistri yoHlalutyo
(1) Impendulo yeMalaprade
Eyona ndlela idumileyo yokusebenzisa i-periodic acid kuhlalutyo lweekhemikhali lweecarbohydrate. Ingadibanisa ngokukodwa kwaye iqhekeze izakhiwo ze-diol ezikufutshane (ezifana ne-cis diols kwiimolekyuli zecarbohydrate) ukuvelisa i-aldehydes okanye ii-ketones ezifanelekileyo. Le mpendulo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi:
-Uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo se-polysaccharide
-Ukumiselwa kwesakhiwo seketanga leswekile kwiiglycoproteins
-Uhlalutyo lolandelelwano lweNucleotide
(2) Ukugqitywa kwe-organic compound
Indlela ye-periodate oxidation ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa:
-I-Glycerol kunye nomxholo wayo wee-esters
-Umxholo we-amino acid ye-Alpha
-Iikhompawundi ezithile ze-phenolic
2. Izicelo kwiSayensi yeZixhobo
(1) Ishishini le-elektroniki
-Unyango lomphezulu wezinto ze-semiconductor
-Ukukrola okuncinci kweebhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo (ii-PCB)
-Ukucoca izinto ze-elektroniki
(2) Ukucubungula isinyithi
-Unyango lokudlulisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo kumphezulu
-Ukucoca umphezulu wesinyithi kunye nonyango lwangaphambi konyango
-Amanyathelo okufaka i-oxidation kwinkqubo ye-electroplating
3. Intsimi yezonyango
(1) Ukupenda ngembali
Indlela yokudaya i-periodic acid Schiff (PAS) yindlela ebalulekileyo ekuxilongweni kwe-pathological:
-Isetyenziselwa ukubona iipolysaccharides kunye neeglycoproteins kwizicubu
-Ukuboniswa kwe-basement membrane, udonga lweseli yefungus kunye nezinye izakhiwo
-Ukuxilongwa okuncediswayo kweethumba ezithile
(2) Iimpawu zebhayomolekyuli
-Uhlalutyo lweendawo zeprotein glycosylation
-Uphando malunga nee-complexes zeswekile kumphezulu weseli
4. Usetyenziso kwi-organic synthesis
Njenge-oxidant ekhethiweyo, ithatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo:
-I-Cis dihydroxylation ye-olefins
-Ukukhetha i-oxidation yee-alcohols
-Iimpendulo zokususwa kwamaqela athile okukhusela
Amanyathelo okhuseleko
Ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe xa usebenzisa i-periodic acid:
1. Ukubola: Ukubola okunamandla kulusu, amehlo, kunye ne-mucous membranes
2. Ingozi yokubola kwe-oxidation: Ukudibana nezinto eziphilayo kunokubangela umlilo okanye ukuqhuma
3. Iimfuneko zokugcina: Gcina kude nokukhanya, ivaliwe, kwaye kwindawo epholileyo
4. Ukhuseleko lomntu: Ngexesha lemisebenzi yovavanyo, kufuneka unxibe iiglasi zokuzikhusela, iiglavu, kunye nempahla yokuzikhusela
Ngokuphucuka kweendlela zohlalutyo kunye nophuhliso lwesayensi yezinto, amasimi okusetyenziswa kwe-periodic acid asakhula.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ze-nanomaterial: njenge-oxidant ebandakanyeka ekulungiseleleni izinto ezithile ze-nanomaterial
Iindlela ezintsha zokuhlalutya: zidityaniswe nezixhobo zanamhlanje zokuhlalutya ezifana ne-mass spectrometry
Ikhemistri Eluhlaza: Ukuphuhlisa inkqubo enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo yokuphinda kusetyenziswe i-asidi ephindaphindayo
I-Periodate, njenge-oxidant esebenzayo necacileyo, idlala indima engenakutshintshwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kuphando olusisiseko ukuya kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-10-2025