Munyika yemakemikari iri kuramba ichichinja, mamwe makemikari anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekushanda kwawo kwakasiyana-siyana uye kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana. Imwe makemikari akadaro iamyl nitrite. Amyl nitrite inozivikanwa nehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana uye chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kweorganic, kugadzira zvinonhuwira, uye sezvinokonzera oxidants uye solvents. Iyi blog inoongorora mashandisirwo akawanda eamyl nitrite, ichiratidza kukosha kwayo mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.
Chii chinonzi amyl nitrite?
Amyl nitrite, inozivikanwawo se isoamyl nitrite, imusanganiswa we organic une fomura yemakemikari C5H11NO2. Inhengo yemhuri ye alkyl nitrite uye inoratidzwa nekuvapo kweboka re nitrite (-ONO) rakabatana ne alkyl chain. Amyl nitrite imvura yero yakajeka yakajeka ine hwema hwemuchero hwakasiyana huri nyore kuona.
Kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa
Imwe yenzira huru dzekushandisaamyl nitriteiri mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu. Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu kunosanganisira kuvaka mamorekuru akaomarara kubva kumamorekuru akareruka ezvirimwa uye inzira huru mukugadzirwa kwemishonga, makemikari ekurima, nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari. Amyl nitrite inoshandiswa se reagent mumaitiro akasiyana-siyana ezvirimwa kukurudzira kuumbwa kwemakemikari anodiwa.
Semuenzaniso, amyl nitrite inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira nitroso compounds, idzo dziri pakati pezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwedhayi, zvinowedzerwa murabha uye mishonga. Kugona kwayo kupa mapoka e nitroso (-NO) kunoita kuti ive chishandiso chakakosha kune vanogadzira mishonga kugadzira maumbirwo chaiwo emamorekuru.
Kugadzirira zvinonhuwira
Nyika yekubika inobatsirwawo nehunhu hwakasiyana hweamyl nitrite. Mukugadzira zvinonhuwira, amyl nitrite inoshandiswa kuwedzera kunaka uye kunhuhwirira. Kunhuhwirira kwayo kwemichero kunowedzera kunaka kwakasiyana kune zvinonhuhwirira zvinosanganiswa, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chinozivikanwa muindasitiri yezvekudya.
Uyezve, basa reamyl nitrite mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari ekuravira harigone kutaurwa zvakanyanya. Ndiyo piyona mu esters nezvimwe zvinonaka zvinopa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuravira nekunhuhwirira kumabikirwo pasi rese.
Oxidizing agent uye solvent properties
Mashandisirwo eamyl nitrite haasi ekuganhurirwa pakugadzira nekunakisa chete. Inoshandiswawo semushonga we oxidizing uye solvent mumakemikari akasiyana-siyana. Semushonga we oxidizing, amyl nitrite inokurudzira oxidation yemakemikari emuchadenga, danho rakakosha mumabasa mazhinji emaindasitiri nemarabhoritari.
Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwayo hwekunyungudutsa hunoita kuti ikodzere kunyungudutsa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuchinja-chinja uku kunonyanya kubatsira mukutsvagisa nekugadzira makemikari, uko amyl nitrite inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mhinduro dzakafanana uye kuita kuti zvinhu zviite nyore.
Kuchengetedzeka uye Mashandiro
Kunyangwe amyl nitrite ine mabhenefiti akawanda, inofanira kubatwa nekungwarira. Mushonga uyu unobvira zvakanyanya uye unogona kukonzera njodzi kuhutano kana ukafemerwa kana kudyiwa. Kuchengetwa kwakakodzera, kufefetedza mhepo, uye midziyo yekudzivirira zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti wakachengeteka pakushanda neamyl nitrite.
Muchidimbu
Amyl nitrite imusanganiswa une hunhu hwakanaka uye une mikana yakawanda yekushandisa. Kubva pabasa rayo guru mukugadzirwa kweorganic kusvika pakubatsira kwayo mukugadzira kunhuhwirira uye basa rayo semushonga unooxidating uye solvent, amyl nitrite inomiririra kushanduka-shanduka uye hunyanzvi huri mumakemikari emazuva ano. Sezvo indasitiri ichiramba ichichinja, kudiwa kwemakemikari akadai ane mativi akawanda kuchawedzera, zvichiratidza kukosha kwekunzwisisa nekushandisa kugona kwawo. Ungave uri nyanzvi yemakemikari, nyanzvi yezvekudya kana mugadziri wemaindasitiri, amyl nitrite inopa mikana yakawanda yakamirira kuongororwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-19-2024