Kemikari synthesis chinhu chakakosha chetsvakiridzo yemazuva ano yesainzi uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri. Inosanganisira kugadzirwa kwemakomisheni matsva kuburikidza neakasiyana makemikari maitiro, uye imwe kiyi reagent inoita basa rakakosha mukuita uku sodium cyanoborohydride.
Sodium cyanoborohydride, ine kemikari formula NaBH3CN, inyanzvi yakawanda inoderedza simba inowanzoshandiswa mumakemikari emakemikari. Inonyanya kukosha pakukwanisa kwayo kudzikisa zvakasarudzwa aldehydes uye ketoni kune avo vakasiyana doro, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemishonga, makemikari akanaka, uye mamwe organic compounds.
Imwe yemabhenefiti makuru ekushandisa sodium cyanoborohydride sechinhu chinoderedza maitiro ayo akapfava maitiro. Kusiyana nemamwe anowanzo shandiswa ekudzikisa maajenti akadai se lithium aluminium hydride,sodium cyanoborohydrideinoshanda pasi pemamiriro akapfava, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka uye iri nyore kushandisa mumarabhoritari marongero. Unyoro uhwu hunobvumirawo kudzora kurinani kwemaitiro, kuderedza njodzi yezvisingadiwe divi rekuita kana kuderedzwa zvakanyanya kwezvinonangwa makomisheni.
Imwe mukana mukuru wesodium cyanoborohydridendiko kusarudza kwayo kwepamusoro. Kana ichishandiswa kuderedza carbonyl makomisheni, kazhinji inodzivirira kupindira nemamwe mapoka anoshanda aripo mumorekuru, zvichikonzera kuita kwakachena uye kunoshanda. Kusarudzika uku kwakakosha mukuumbwa kwema organic molecules, uko kuchengetedza kwemamwe mapoka anoshanda kunowanzo kukosha kune inodiwa chimiro chemakemikari uye zvivakwa.
Pamusoro pekuva mumiririri anoderedza,sodium cyanoborohydrideinogona kushandiswa mune mamwe makemikari shanduko. Inogona kushandiswa kudzikisa amination yealdehydes uye ketoni, pamwe chete nekugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeheterocyclic. Kusarudzika kwayo uye kuenderana neakasiyana emapoka anoshanda anoita kuti ive chishandiso chakakosha chemakemikari anotarisana neakasiyana ekugadzira matambudziko.
Uyezve,sodium cyanoborohydrideinozivikanwa nekugadzikana kwayo uye nyore kubata. Kusiyana nemamwe mareagents ekuita, inogona kuchengetwa uye kutakurwa pasina kungwarira zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kushanda muzvidzidzo nemaindasitiri.
Nyangwesodium cyanoborohydrideine zvakawanda zvakanakira, zvakakosha kuziva kuti, senge chero makemikari agent, inofanirwa kubatwa nekuchenjerera uye nekutevera nzira dzekuchengetedza dzakakodzera. Kunyangwe ichionekwa seyakachengetedzeka kupfuura mamwe maajenti ekudzikisa, ichiri kemikari ine simba uye matanho akakodzera anofanirwa kutorwa pasi pekutungamirwa nenyanzvi yemakemikari.
Mukupedzisa,sodium cyanoborohydrideinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, kunyanya mukudzikisira kwecarbonyl makomputa uye dzimwe shanduko dzine hukama. Mamiriro ekuita ayo akapfava, kusarudzwa kwepamusoro, kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana, uye kugadzikana kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mubhokisi rekushandisa rekugadzira chemist. Sezvo kutsvagisa uye kusimukira mumunda we organic chemistry kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, kukosha kwesodium cyanoborohydridemukugonesa shanduko yemakemikari matsva uye kuumbwa kwemakomisheni matsva kungangoramba kwakakosha.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-29-2024