Mu rwego rwa chimie y’ibinyabuzima, akamaro k’ibintu bigabanya ibintu ntikagombye kurenza urugero. Mu bintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa muri iki gikorwa, acetyl chloride igaragara cyane kubera imiterere yayo yihariye n’uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Iyi blog izatanga incamake ku miterere ya acetyl chloride, ikoreshwa ryayo, n’uruhare rwayo mu kugabanya imikorere y’ibinyabutabire.
Asetilikoride ni iki?
Asetili kloride, formula ya shimi CH3COCl, ni aside chloride ikomoka kuri aside asetiki. Ni amazi adafite ibara afite impumuro mbi kandi akunze kugira ingaruka mbi cyane, cyane cyane iyo ari mu mazi na alcool. Iyi reactivity ituma iba ikintu cy'ingenzi mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukora imiti, cyane cyane mu gukora ibindi bintu by’umwimerere.
Uruhare rwa acetyl chloride mu kugabanya ingaruka
Imwe mu mikoreshereze y'ingenzi yaacetyl chlorideni nk'ikintu kigabanya ubukana bwa shimi mu binyabuzima. Igira akamaro cyane mu kugabanya aldehydes, ketones na phthalides zirimo chlorine. Ubushobozi bwo kugabanya aya matsinda y'imikorere mu buryo bwihariye butuma acetyl chloride iba igikoresho cy'agaciro ku bahanga mu bya shimi.
Kugabanya aldehydes na ketones
Aldehydes (RCOH) na ketones (RCOR) ni amatsinda asanzwe akora mu bintu by’umwimerere. Kugabanya aya matsinda ni ingenzi mu gukora alcool n’ibindi bikomoka kuri yo.Asetili klorideishobora koroshya iyi mpinduka binyuze mu gutanga electrons, igahindura neza itsinda rya karuboni mu itsinda rya hydroxyl. Iyi reaction ntabwo ari nziza gusa, ahubwo ishobora no kugabanya mu buryo bwihariye amatsinda yihariye y’imikorere idakoze ku yandi matsinda y’imikorere muri molekile.
Naphthalene ifite chlorine
Ophthalone zirimo chlorine ni urundi rwego rw'ibinyabutabire bishobora kugabanuka hakoreshejwe acetyl chloride. Ibi binyabutabire bikunze gukoreshwa mu bipimo bya pH n'irangi. Uburyo bwo kugabanya bushobora guhindura imiterere yabyo, bigatuma birushaho kuba byiza mu bikorwa byihariye. Mu gukoresha acetyl chloride, abahanga mu bya shimi bashobora kugera ku mpinduka zifuzwa mu gihe bakomeza imiterere rusange.
Ibyiza byo gukoresha acetyl chloride
1. Guhitamo:Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye zo gukoresha acetyl chloride nk'ikintu kigabanya ni uburyo ihitamo. Ishobora kwibasira amatsinda yihariye y'imikorere idahinduye andi matsinda y'imikorere, bigatuma habaho impinduka nziza ku buryo bufatika za molekile zigoye.
2. Gukora neza:Igipimo cy’imyitwarire iterwa na acetyl chloride gikunze kuba kiri hejuru, bigatuma habaho igihe cyo gukora ibintu vuba. Ubu buryo bugira akamaro cyane cyane mu nganda aho igihe n’ikiguzi ari ibintu by’ingenzi.
3. Guhindura ibintu:Asetili kloride ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye butandukanye n’ubugabanyirize, harimo acylation na ester synthesis. Ubu buryo bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye butuma iba ikintu cy’agaciro mu gasanduku k’ibikoresho by’umuhanga mu bya shimi.
Ingamba zo kwirinda
Nubwoacetyl chlorideni reagent ikomeye, igomba gufatwa neza. Irangiza kandi ishobora gutera ubushye bukomeye iyo ikoze ku ruhu cyangwa mu maso. Byongeye kandi, irekura aside hydrochloric iyo ihuye n'amazi, ibyo bikaba bishobora guteza akaga. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda ni ingenzi mu gihe ukoresha iyi mvange, harimo gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwirinda (PPE) no gukorera ahantu hari umwuka mwiza.
Asetili klorideni ikintu gishimishije mu bijyanye na chimie y’ibinyabuzima, cyane cyane nk'ikintu kigabanya aldehydes, ketones na phthalides za chlorine. Uburyo ihitamo, ubushobozi bwayo, no gukora ibintu bitandukanye bituma iba isoko y'agaciro ku bahanga mu bya chimie. Ariko, umutekano ni wo uhora uhangayikishwa cyane mu gihe cyo gufata ibintu nk'ibyo. Uko ubushakashatsi n'ikoreshwa rya chimie y’ibinyabuzima bikomeza gutera imbere, acetyl chloride nta gushidikanya ko izakomeza kugira uruhare runini mu gukora no guhindura ibintu by’ibinyabuzima.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-18-2024