1. Gutegura irangi
Kugira ngo byoroshye ikizamini cya nyuma cya elegitoroniki, hatoranywa icyuma cya 30mm × 4 mm 304 nk'ishingiro. Siga neza kandi ukureho urwego rwa okiside n'ibizinga bya ngese ku buso bw'icyuma ukoresheje sandpaper, ubishyire mu gikombe kirimo acetone, uvure ibizinga ku buso bw'icyuma ukoresheje bg-06c ultrasonic cleaner ya Bangjie electronics company mu gihe cy'iminota 20, ukureho ibisigazwa byangiritse ku buso bw'icyuma ukoresheje alcool n'amazi yatetse, hanyuma ubimye ukoresheje icyuma gihumeka. Hanyuma, alumina (Al2O3), graphene na hybrid carbon nanotube (mwnt-coohsdbs) byarateguwe ku rugero (100: 0: 0, 99.8: 0.2: 0, 99.8: 0: 0.2, 99.6: 0.2: 0.2), hanyuma ushyire mu cyuma cy'umupira (qm-3sp2 yo mu ruganda rwa Nanjing NANDA instruments) kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu gusya no kuvanga umupira. Umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka w'uruganda rw'umupira washyizwe kuri 220 R / min, naho uruganda rw'umupira rwahinduriwe
Nyuma yo gusya umupira, shyira umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka kw'ikigega cyo gusya umupira ube 1/2 usimburana nyuma yo gusya umupira, kandi shyira umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka kw'ikigega cyo gusya umupira ube 1/2 usimburana nyuma yo gusya umupira. Ingano ya ceramic ikozwe mu umupira n'ifatabuguzi bivangwa neza hakurikijwe uburemere bwa 1.0 ∶ 0.8. Amaherezo, irangi rya ceramic rifatana ryabonetse hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusya.
2. Ikizamini cya corrosion
Muri ubu bushakashatsi, ikizamini cya electrochemical corrosion cyakoresheje ikigo cya Shanghai Chenhua chi660e electrochemical, kandi ikizamini gikoresha sisitemu y’ibizamini bitatu bya electrode. Electrode ya platine ni electrode yunganira, electrode ya siliva ya chloride ni electrode yunganira, naho icyitegererezo gitwikiriwe ni electrode ikora, ifite ubuso bungana na 1cm2. Huza electrode yunganira, electrode ikora na electrode yunganira mu kazu k’amashanyarazi n’igikoresho, nk’uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1 na 2. Mbere yo gukora ikizamini, shyira icyitegererezo muri electrolyte, ari yo 3.5% NaCl.
3. Isesengura rya Tafel ry'ingufu z'amashanyarazi zo gutwikira
Ishusho ya 3 igaragaza umurongo wa Tafel w’ubutaka budafite irangi n’igitambaro cya ceramic gitwikiriwe n’inyongera zitandukanye za nano nyuma ya electrochemical corruption mu gihe cy’amasaha 19. Amakuru yerekeye corruption voltage, corruption current density na electrical impedance test yavuye mu isuzuma rya electrochemical corruption agaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 1.
Ohereza
Iyo ubucucike bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ari buto kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ruswa buri hejuru, ingaruka zo kurwanya ruswa z'ipamba ziba nziza kurushaho. Bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3 n'imbonerahamwe ya 1 ko iyo igihe cyo kurwanya ruswa ari amasaha 19, ingufu ntarengwa zo kurwanya ruswa za matrix y'icyuma cyambaye ubusa ari -0.680 V, kandi ubucucike bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa matrix nabwo ni bwo bunini, bugera kuri 2.890 × 10-6 A/cm2 。 Iyo isizweho ipamba rya alumina ceramic, ubucucike bw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi bwagabanutseho 78% naho PE ikaba 22.01%. Bigaragaza ko ipamba rya ceramic rigira uruhare rwiza rwo kurinda kandi rishobora kunoza ubucucike bw'umuyoboro mu electrolyte idafite aho ibogamiye.
Ubwo 0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs cyangwa 0.2% graphene byongewe ku gipfundikizo, ubucucike bw'umuyoboro wa corruption bwaragabanutse, ubudahangarwa bwariyongereye, kandi ubudahangarwa bw'umuyoboro bwararushijeho kwiyongera, aho PE ya 38.48% na 40.10% uko bikurikirana. Iyo ubuso butwikiriwe na 0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs na 0.2% graphene mixed alumina coat, umuyoboro wa corruption urushaho kugabanuka kuva kuri 2.890 × 10-6 A / cm2 ukamanuka ukagera kuri 1.536 × 10-6 A / cm2, agaciro ntarengwa ko kurwanya, kariyongereye kuva kuri 11388 Ω kagera kuri 28079 Ω, kandi PE y'igipfundikizo ishobora kugera kuri 46.85%. Bigaragaza ko ibicuruzwa byateguwe bifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kurwanya corruption, kandi ingaruka za nanotubes za karuboni na graphene zishobora kunoza neza ubudahangarwa bw'umuyoboro wa ceramic.
4. Ingaruka zo kwinika igihe ku ruhu ku gutwikira
Kugira ngo hakorwe ubushakashatsi ku buryo irangi ridashobora kwangirika ry’ipamba, ukurikije ingaruka z’igihe cy’ikizamini cyo kwinjizwa mu muyoboro wa elegitoroniki ku igeragezwa, haboneka intera y’impinduka z’iramba ry’ipamba enye mu gihe gitandukanye cyo kwinjizwa, nk’uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 4.
Ohereza
Mu cyiciro cya mbere cyo kwibira mu mazi (amasaha 10), bitewe n'ubucucike bwiza n'imiterere y'igitambaro, electrolyte biragoye kwinjira mu gitambaro. Muri iki gihe, igitambaro cya ceramic kigaragaza ubudahangarwa bwinshi. Nyuma yo kwibira mu mazi igihe runaka, ubudahangarwa buragabanuka cyane, kuko uko igihe kigenda gihita, electrolyte ikora umuyoboro wa corruption unyura mu myenge n'imyanya iri mu gitambaro hanyuma ikinjira mu matrix, bigatuma ubudahangarwa bw'igitambaro bugabanuka cyane.
Mu cyiciro cya kabiri, iyo ibicuruzwa bya corruption byiyongera ku rugero runaka, ikwirakwira ry’amazi riraziba kandi icyuho kigahagarara buhoro buhoro. Muri icyo gihe, iyo electrolyte yinjiye mu gice cyo hagati cy’urukuta/matrix, molekile z’amazi zikorana na element ya Fe iri muri matrix ku ihuriro rya coating/matrix kugira ngo hakorwe filime yoroheje ya oxide y’icyuma, ibi bikabangamira kwinjira kwa electrolyte muri matrix kandi byongera agaciro ko guhangana. Iyo matrix y’icyuma cyambaye ubusa yangiritse, imvura nyinshi y’icyatsi kibisi igwa hasi muri electrolyte. Umuti wa electrolytic ntabwo wahinduye ibara igihe cyo gukoresha electrolyte ku gipimo cyashyizwemo, ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko hari uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru bwo gukora chemical reaction.
Bitewe n'igihe gito cyo kwibira mu mazi n'ingaruka nini zo hanze, kugira ngo haboneke isano nyayo y'impinduka mu bipimo bya elegitoroniki, imiyoboro ya Tafel y'amasaha 19 na 19.5 irasesengurwa. Ubucucike bw'umuyoboro wa corrosion n'ubudahangarwa byabonetse na porogaramu ya zsimpwin isesengura bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 2. Biboneka ko iyo bitwikiriwe mu masaha 19, ugereranije n'ubutaka budafite icyuma, ubucucike bw'umuyoboro wa corrosion wa alumina nziza n'umuyoboro wa alumina urimo ibikoresho byongeramo nano ni bike kandi agaciro ko guhangana ni kanini. Agaciro ko guhangana n'umuyoboro wa ceramic urimo nanotubes za karuboni n'umuyoboro urimo graphene ni hafi kimwe, mu gihe imiterere yo gutwikira hamwe na nanotubes za karuboni n'ibikoresho byongewemo graphene irushaho kwiyongera cyane, Ibi biterwa nuko ingaruka zo guhuza za nanotubes za karuboni zigize icyerekezo kimwe na graphene zigize icyerekezo kimwe zituma ibintu bidashobora kugwa mu mazi.
Uko igihe cyo kwibira mu mazi kigenda cyiyongera (amasaha 19.5), ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu bidafite icyuma buriyongera, bigaragaza ko biri mu cyiciro cya kabiri cyo kwangirika no gukorwa ku buso bwa oxide y’icyuma. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, uko igihe kigenda cyiyongera, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibintu bikozwe muri alumina ceramic nabwo buriyongera, bigaragaza ko muri iki gihe, nubwo hari ingaruka zo gutinda kw’ibintu bikozwe muri ceramic, electrolyte yinjiye mu buryo bwo guhuza ibintu, kandi ikora oxide film binyuze mu buryo bw’imiti.
Ugereranyije n'igishishwa cya alumina kirimo 0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs, igishishwa cya alumina kirimo 0.2% graphene n'igishishwa cya alumina kirimo 0.2% mwnt-cooh-sdbs na 0.2% graphene, ubudahangarwa bw'igishishwa bwagabanutse cyane uko igihe cyagendaga cyiyongera, bwagabanutseho 22.94%, 25.60% na 9.61% uko bikurikirana, bigaragaza ko electrolyte itageze mu gice kiri hagati y'igishishwa n'igice cy'ubutaka muri iki gihe. Ibi biterwa nuko imiterere ya nanotubes za karuboni na graphene ibuza electrolyte kwinjira hasi, bityo ikarinda matrix. Ingaruka z'ubufatanye bw'ibyo byombi ziragaragazwa kurushaho. Igishishwa kirimo ibikoresho bibiri bya nano gifite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kwangirika.
Binyuze mu muyoboro wa Tafel n'umuyoboro w'impinduka z'agaciro k'amashanyarazi, byagaragaye ko irangi rya alumina ceramic rifite graphene, nanotubes za karuboni n'uruvange rwazo bishobora kongera ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ya matrix y'icyuma, kandi ingaruka zo guhuza byombi zishobora kongera ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ya ceramic. Kugira ngo hasuzumwe neza ingaruka z'inyongera za nano ku kudahangarwa kwa corruption ya coat, hagaragaye imiterere y'ubuso bw'irangi nyuma ya corruption.
Ohereza
Ishusho ya 5 (A1, A2, B1, B2) igaragaza imiterere y'ubuso bw'icyuma kitagira umugese cyagaragayemo 304 na alumina ceramics nziza zitwikiriwe ku buryo butandukanye nyuma yo kwangirika. Ishusho ya 5 (A2) igaragaza ko ubuso nyuma yo kwangirika buba bubi. Ku gice cy'ubutaka cyambaye ubusa, hari imyobo minini myinshi ya corruption igaragara ku buso nyuma yo kwinjizwa muri electrolyte, bigaragaza ko corruption ya matrix y'icyuma cyambaye ubusa ari mbi kandi electrolyte yoroshye kwinjira muri matrix. Ku irangi rya alumina ceramics ryiza, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 5 (B2), nubwo imiyoboro ya corruption ifite imyenge ikorwa nyuma yo kwangirika, imiterere yoroheje hamwe no corruption nziza ya alumina ceramics nziza bibuza electrolyte kwinjira neza, ibi bikaba bisobanura impamvu yo kunoza neza impedance ya alumina ceramics.
Ohereza
Imiterere y'ubuso bwa mwnt-cooh-sdbs, irangi ririmo 0.2% bya graphene n'irangi ririmo 0.2% bya mwnt-cooh-sdbs na 0.2% bya graphene. Bigaragara ko irangi ribiri ririmo graphene ku Ishusho ya 6 (B2 na C2) rifite imiterere irambuye, aho ibice biri mu irangi bifatanye ni hato, kandi ibice byose bifatanye bipfunyitse neza hakoreshejwe kole. Nubwo ubuso bwangiritse na electrolyte, imiyoboro mike y'imyenge irakorwa. Nyuma yo kwangirika, ubuso bwo kwambara buba bunini kandi hari imiterere mike y'inenge. Ku Ishusho ya 6 (A1, A2), bitewe n'imiterere ya mwnt-cooh-sdbs, irangi ribanziriza kwangirika ni imiterere ifite imyenge ikwirakwizwa neza. Nyuma yo kwangirika, imyenge y'igice cy'umwimerere iba mito kandi miremire, kandi umuyoboro urushaho kuba mwinshi. Ugereranije n'Ishusho ya 6 (B2, C2), imiterere ifite inenge nyinshi, ijyanye n'ingano y'agaciro k'impedance yo kwambara kabonetse mu igeragezwa rya electrochemical corruption. Bigaragaza ko igitambaro cya alumina ceramic kirimo graphene, cyane cyane uruvange rwa graphene na nanotube ya karuboni, gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese neza. Ibi biterwa nuko imiterere ya nanotube ya karuboni na graphene ishobora kubuza neza ikwirakwira ry'imiturire no kurinda matrix.
5. Ikiganiro n'incamake
Binyuze mu igeragezwa ryo kurwanya ingese ryakozwe kuri nanotubes za karuboni n'inyongera za graphene ku gitambaro cya alumina ceramic ndetse no gusesengura imiterere y'ubuso bw'igitambaro, hafashwe imyanzuro ikurikira:
(1) Igihe cyo kwangirika cyari amasaha 19, hongeweho 0.2% by'umuyoboro wa karuboni uvanze + 0.2% by'umuyoboro wa alumina ceramic coating, ubucucike bw'umuyoboro wa karuboni bwiyongereye kuva kuri 2.890 × 10-6 A / cm2 bukamanuka bugera kuri 1.536 × 10-6 A / cm2, impedance y'amashanyarazi yongerewe kuva kuri 11388 Ω kugeza kuri 28079 Ω, kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika ni bwo bunini, 46.85%. Ugereranyije n'umuyoboro wa alumina ceramic wonyine, umuyoboro wa graphene na carbon nanotubes ufite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kurwanya kwangirika.
(2) Uko igihe cyo kwibira mu mazi cya electrolyte cyiyongera, electrolyte yinjira mu gice cy’inyuma cy’ibumba/substrate kugira ngo ikore icyuma cya okiside, ibi bibangamira kwinjira kwa electrolyte mu gice cy’ibumba. Impedance y’amashanyarazi ibanza kugabanuka hanyuma ikiyongera, kandi ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ya alumina ceramic coatment iba mbi. Imiterere n’imikoranire ya carbone nanotubes na graphene byabujije electrolyte kwinjira hasi. Iyo amazi yanyobwaga mu masaha 19.5, impedance y’amashanyarazi y’ibumba ririmo ibintu bya nano yagabanutseho 22.94%, 25.60% na 9.61% uko bikurikirana, kandi ubudahangarwa bwa corruption bwari bwiza.
6. Uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese mu gutwikira
Binyuze mu muyoboro wa Tafel n'umuyoboro w'impinduka z'agaciro k'amashanyarazi, byagaragaye ko irangi rya alumina ceramic rifite graphene, nanotubes za karuboni n'uruvange rwazo bishobora kongera ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ya matrix y'icyuma, kandi ingaruka zo guhuza byombi zishobora kongera ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ya ceramic. Kugira ngo hasuzumwe neza ingaruka z'inyongera za nano ku kudahangarwa kwa corruption ya coat, hagaragaye imiterere y'ubuso bw'irangi nyuma ya corruption.
Ishusho ya 5 (A1, A2, B1, B2) igaragaza imiterere y'ubuso bw'icyuma kitagira umugese cyagaragayemo 304 na alumina ceramics nziza zitwikiriwe ku buryo butandukanye nyuma yo kwangirika. Ishusho ya 5 (A2) igaragaza ko ubuso nyuma yo kwangirika buba bubi. Ku gice cy'ubutaka cyambaye ubusa, hari imyobo minini myinshi ya corruption igaragara ku buso nyuma yo kwinjizwa muri electrolyte, bigaragaza ko corruption ya matrix y'icyuma cyambaye ubusa ari mbi kandi electrolyte yoroshye kwinjira muri matrix. Ku irangi rya alumina ceramics ryiza, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 5 (B2), nubwo imiyoboro ya corruption ifite imyenge ikorwa nyuma yo kwangirika, imiterere yoroheje hamwe no corruption nziza ya alumina ceramics nziza bibuza electrolyte kwinjira neza, ibi bikaba bisobanura impamvu yo kunoza neza impedance ya alumina ceramics.
Imiterere y'ubuso bwa mwnt-cooh-sdbs, irangi ririmo 0.2% bya graphene n'irangi ririmo 0.2% bya mwnt-cooh-sdbs na 0.2% bya graphene. Bigaragara ko irangi ribiri ririmo graphene ku Ishusho ya 6 (B2 na C2) rifite imiterere irambuye, aho ibice biri mu irangi bifatanye ni hato, kandi ibice byose bifatanye bipfunyitse neza hakoreshejwe kole. Nubwo ubuso bwangiritse na electrolyte, imiyoboro mike y'imyenge irakorwa. Nyuma yo kwangirika, ubuso bwo kwambara buba bunini kandi hari imiterere mike y'inenge. Ku Ishusho ya 6 (A1, A2), bitewe n'imiterere ya mwnt-cooh-sdbs, irangi ribanziriza kwangirika ni imiterere ifite imyenge ikwirakwizwa neza. Nyuma yo kwangirika, imyenge y'igice cy'umwimerere iba mito kandi miremire, kandi umuyoboro urushaho kuba mwinshi. Ugereranije n'Ishusho ya 6 (B2, C2), imiterere ifite inenge nyinshi, ijyanye n'ingano y'agaciro k'impedance yo kwambara kabonetse mu igeragezwa rya electrochemical corruption. Bigaragaza ko igitambaro cya alumina ceramic kirimo graphene, cyane cyane uruvange rwa graphene na nanotube ya karuboni, gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese neza. Ibi biterwa nuko imiterere ya nanotube ya karuboni na graphene ishobora kubuza neza ikwirakwira ry'imiturire no kurinda matrix.
7. Ikiganiro n'incamake
Binyuze mu igeragezwa ryo kurwanya ingese ryakozwe kuri nanotubes za karuboni n'inyongera za graphene ku gitambaro cya alumina ceramic ndetse no gusesengura imiterere y'ubuso bw'igitambaro, hafashwe imyanzuro ikurikira:
(1) Igihe cyo kwangirika cyari amasaha 19, hongeweho 0.2% by'umuyoboro wa karuboni uvanze + 0.2% by'umuyoboro wa alumina ceramic coating, ubucucike bw'umuyoboro wa karuboni bwiyongereye kuva kuri 2.890 × 10-6 A / cm2 bukamanuka bugera kuri 1.536 × 10-6 A / cm2, impedance y'amashanyarazi yongerewe kuva kuri 11388 Ω kugeza kuri 28079 Ω, kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kwangirika ni bwo bunini, 46.85%. Ugereranyije n'umuyoboro wa alumina ceramic wonyine, umuyoboro wa graphene na carbon nanotubes ufite ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo kurwanya kwangirika.
(2) Uko igihe cyo kwibira mu mazi cya electrolyte cyiyongera, electrolyte yinjira mu gice cy’inyuma cy’ibumba/substrate kugira ngo ikore icyuma cya okiside, ibi bibangamira kwinjira kwa electrolyte mu gice cy’ibumba. Impedance y’amashanyarazi ibanza kugabanuka hanyuma ikiyongera, kandi ubudahangarwa bwa corruption ya alumina ceramic coatment iba mbi. Imiterere n’imikoranire ya carbone nanotubes na graphene byabujije electrolyte kwinjira hasi. Iyo amazi yanyobwaga mu masaha 19.5, impedance y’amashanyarazi y’ibumba ririmo ibintu bya nano yagabanutseho 22.94%, 25.60% na 9.61% uko bikurikirana, kandi ubudahangarwa bwa corruption bwari bwiza.
(3) Bitewe n'imiterere ya nanotubes za karuboni, igitambaro cyongeweho na nanotubes za karuboni cyonyine gifite imiterere ingana y'imyenge mbere yo kwangirika. Nyuma yo kwangirika, imyenge y'igice cya mbere iba mito kandi miremire, kandi inzira zigenda zirushaho kuba ndende. Igitambaro kirimo graphene gifite imiterere irambuye mbere yo kwangirika, ihurizo riri hagati y'uduce turi mu gitambaro riba ryegeranye, kandi uduce dufatanye dupfunyitse neza na kole. Nubwo ubuso bwangiritse na electrolyte nyuma yo kwangirika, hari inzira nke z'imyenge kandi imiterere iracyari myinshi. Imiterere ya nanotubes za karuboni na graphene ishobora kubuza neza ikwirakwira ry'imiturire no kurinda matrix.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-09-2022