(Anode y'icyuma ya Lithium) Icyiciro cyo hagati y'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi mashya akomoka kuri anion

Ihuriro ry’amashanyarazi asanzwe (SEI) rikoreshwa cyane mu gusobanura igice gishya cyakozwe hagati ya anode na electrolyte muri bateri zikora. Bateri z’icyuma za lithium (Li) zifite ingufu nyinshi zibangamiwe cyane no gushyirwaho kwa lithium dendritic biyobowe na SEI idahuje. Nubwo ifite ibyiza bidasanzwe mu kunoza uburinganire bwo gushyirwaho kwa lithium, mu bikorwa bifatika, ingaruka za SEI ikomoka kuri anion ntabwo ari nziza. Vuba aha, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi rya Zhang Qiang ryo muri Kaminuza ya Tsinghua ryatanze igitekerezo cyo gukoresha receptors za anion kugira ngo bahindure imiterere ya electrolyte kugira ngo hubakwe SEI ishingiye kuri anion ihamye. Receptor ya tris (pentafluorophenyl)borane anion (TPFPB) ifite atome za boron zidafite electron ikorana na bis (fluorosulfonimide) anion (FSI-) kugira ngo igabanye kugabanuka kwa FSI-. Byongeye kandi, iyo hari TFPPB, ubwoko bw’amatsinda ya ion (AGG) ya FSI- muri electrolyte bwarahindutse, kandi FSI- ikorana na Li+ nyinshi. Bityo, igabanuka rya FSI- riterwa imbere kugira ngo rikore Li2S, kandi ubushobozi bwo kugumana SEI ikomoka kuri anion burarushaho kuba bwiza.

SEI igizwe n'ibikomoka ku kubora kwa electrolyte. Imiterere n'imiterere ya SEI bigenzurwa ahanini n'imiterere ya electrolyte, ni ukuvuga imikoranire ya mikorosikopi hagati ya solvent, anion, na Li+. Imiterere ya electrolyte ntihinduka gusa bitewe n'ubwoko bwa solvent n'umunyu wa lithium, ahubwo inahinduka bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'umunyu. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, electrolyte ifite ubwinshi bwinshi (HCE) na electrolyte ifite ubwinshi bwinshi (LHCE) byagaragaje inyungu zidasanzwe mu gutuma anode za lithium metal zituza binyuze mu gukora SEI ihamye. Igipimo cya molar cya solvent ku munyu wa lithium kiri hasi (munsi ya 2) kandi anion zinjizwa mu gice cya mbere cya solvent cya Li+, zigakora contact ion pairs (CIP) na aggregation (AGG) muri HCE cyangwa LHCE. Imiterere ya SEI igenzurwa nyuma na anion muri HCE na LHCE, byitwa SEI ikomoka kuri anion. Nubwo ifite imikorere myiza mu gutuma anode za lithium metal zituza, SEI zikomoka kuri anion ntabwo zihagije mu guhangana n'ibibazo by'imiterere ifatika. Bityo rero, ni ngombwa kurushaho kunoza uburyo SEI ikomoka kuri anion ihagaze neza kandi ihuzwa kugira ngo itsinde ibibazo mu bihe nyabyo.

Anions mu buryo bwa CIP na AGG ni zo zibanziriza SEI ikomoka kuri anions. Muri rusange, imiterere ya electrolyte ya anions igenzurwa mu buryo butaziguye na Li+, kuko charge nziza ya molecules solvent na diluent iba iherereye ahantu hake kandi ntishobora gukorana neza na anions. Kubwibyo, ingamba nshya zo kugenzura imiterere ya electrolytes anionic binyuze mu gukorana neza na anions zitezweho cyane.