Isubiramo ryo gukoresha aside irigihe

aside irike. Iyi ngingo izatanga ibisobanuro birambuye kubiranga iyi nteruro idasanzwe hamwe nibikorwa byayo byingenzi mubice bitandukanye.

Imiterere yimiti ya aside irike
Ikiringo nicyo kintu kinini cya okiside ya ogisijeni irimo aside ya iyode (+7 valence), ubusanzwe igaragara muri kirisiti itagira ibara cyangwa ifu yera. Ifite ibintu byingenzi bikurikira:

Ubushobozi bukomeye bwa okiside:Hamwe nubushobozi busanzwe bwo kugabanya kugera kuri 1.6V, irashobora okiside ibice bitandukanye kama nimborera

Amazi meza:Gushonga cyane mumazi, bikora igisubizo kitagira ibara

Guhungabana k'ubushyuhe:izabora iyo ishyushye hejuru ya 100 ° C.

Acide:ni acide ikomeye, itandukana rwose mumuti wamazi

Ahantu ho gusaba
1. Porogaramu muri Chimie Yisesengura
(1) Igisubizo cya Malaprade
Ikoreshwa cyane rya aside irike ni mubisesengura ryimiti ya karubone. Irashobora okiside cyane no kumena ibice bya diol byegeranye (nka cis diol muri molekile ya karubone) kugirango bibyare aldehydes cyangwa ketone. Iyi reaction ikoreshwa cyane kuri:
-Gusesengura imiterere ya polysaccharide
-Kumenya imiterere y'uruhererekane rw'isukari muri glycoproteine
-Isesengura rya nucleotide

(2) Kwiyemeza guhuza ibice
Uburyo bwa okiside burigihe burashobora gukoreshwa kugirango umenye:
-Glycerol n'ibirimo esters
-Alpha amino acide
-Kumenya ibice bya fenolike

2. Porogaramu mubikoresho bya siyansi
(1) Inganda za elegitoroniki
-Ubuvuzi bwo hejuru bwibikoresho bya semiconductor
-Micro etching yimbaho ​​zumuzingo zacapwe (PCBs)
-Isuku rya elegitoroniki
(2) Gutunganya ibyuma
-Ubuvuzi bwa passivation yubutaka bwibyuma bidafite ingese
-Isuku ryubutaka bwo kwisukura no kwitegura
-Intambwe ya Okiside mugikorwa cya electroplating

3. Umwanya wibinyabuzima
(1) Kwanduza amateka
Uburyo bwa aside irike Schiff (PAS) uburyo bwo gusiga ni tekinike yingenzi mugupima indwara:
-Yakoreshejwe mugushakisha polysaccharide na glycoproteine ​​mumyenda
-Gukina membrane yo hasi, urukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima nizindi nzego
-Gusuzuma ubufasha bwibibyimba bimwe na bimwe

(2) Ibimenyetso bya biomolecular
-Gusesengura imbuga za poroteyine glycosylation
-Gushakisha ku isukari igizwe hejuru ya selile

4. Gushyira mubikorwa muri synthesis
Nka okiside yatoranijwe, igira uruhare mubikorwa bitandukanye kama:
-Cis dihydroxylation ya olefine
-Guhitamo okiside ya alcool
-Gukuraho reaction zamatsinda amwe arinda

Kwirinda umutekano

Hagomba kwitonderwa mugihe ukoresheje aside irike:
1. Kubora: Kubora cyane kuruhu, amaso, nibice
2. Impanuka ya Oxidation: Guhura nibintu kama bishobora gutera umuriro cyangwa guturika
3. Ibisabwa mububiko: Irinde urumuri, rufunze, kandi ahantu hakonje
4. Kurinda umuntu ku giti cye: Mugihe cyibikorwa byubushakashatsi, hagomba kwambara amadarubindi yo kurinda, gants, n imyenda ikingira

Hamwe niterambere ryubuhanga bwo gusesengura no guteza imbere ibikoresho siyanse, imirima ikoreshwa ya aside irike iracyaguka
Nanomaterial synthesis: nka okiside igira uruhare mugutegura nanomateriali zimwe
Ubuhanga bushya bwo gusesengura: buhujwe nibikoresho bigezweho byo gusesengura nka mass spectrometrie
Icyatsi kibisi: Gutezimbere uburyo bwangiza ibidukikije bwo gutunganya no gukoresha aside irike

Ikiringo, nka okiside ikora neza kandi yihariye, igira uruhare rudasubirwaho mubice bitandukanye kuva mubushakashatsi bwibanze kugeza kumusaruro winganda.