Kuphatikizika kwa Sonogashira komwe kumathandizira kuchotsa mchere wa alkylpyridinium komwe kumathandizidwa ndi NN2 pincer ligand

Ma Alkynes amapezeka kwambiri mu zinthu zachilengedwe, mamolekyulu ogwira ntchito m'thupi komanso zinthu zogwirira ntchito zachilengedwe. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakati pa kapangidwe ka organic ndipo amatha kusintha kwambiri mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, kupanga njira zosavuta komanso zogwira mtima zopangira ma alkynes ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti Sonogashira reaction yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi zitsulo zosinthika ndi njira imodzi yothandiza komanso yosavuta yopangira ma aryl kapena alkenyl substituted alkynes, coupling reaction yokhudza ma alkyl electrophiles osagwiritsidwa ntchito imachitika chifukwa cha zotsatira zoyipa monga kuchotsa bH. Ali ndi zovuta zambiri komanso kafukufuku wochepa, makamaka ma halogenated alkanes osakonda chilengedwe komanso okwera mtengo. Chifukwa chake, kufufuza ndi kupanga kwa Sonogashira reaction ya ma alkylation reagents atsopano, otsika mtengo komanso osavuta kupezeka kudzakhala kofunikira kwambiri popanga ma laboratory komanso mafakitale. Gululi linapanga mwanzeru ndikupanga ligand yatsopano, yosavuta komanso yokhazikika ya amide-type NN2, yomwe kwa nthawi yoyamba inapeza kusankha kogwira mtima komanso kokwera kwa alkylamine derivatives ndi terminal alkynes yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nickel catalytic sources, yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta kupeza. Kuphatikizika kwa cross-coupling kwagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakuchepetsa kuchepa kwa deamination ndi alkynylation kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zovuta komanso mamolekyu a mankhwala, zomwe zikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino a reaction ndi magwiridwe antchito a gulu, ndipo zimapereka zatsopano pakupanga alkynes ofunikira m'malo mwa alkyl. Ndi njira zothandiza.