Ndemanga ya kugwiritsa ntchito periodic acid

asidi periodic(HIO ₄) ndi asidi wofunikira kwambiri yemwe ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga oxidant m'magawo osiyanasiyana asayansi ndi mafakitale. Nkhaniyi ipereka tsatanetsatane wa makhalidwe a gulu lapaderali ndi ntchito zake zofunika m'madera osiyanasiyana.

Mankhwala katundu wa periodic asidi
Periodate ndiye gawo lalikulu kwambiri la okosijeni wokhala ndi ayodini wokhala ndi asidi (+7 valence), nthawi zambiri amakhala mu makhiristo opanda mtundu kapena mawonekedwe a ufa woyera. Lili ndi zotsatirazi:

Mphamvu yamphamvu ya oxidizing:Ndi mphamvu yochepetsera yofikira mpaka 1.6V, imatha kutulutsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe komanso zachilengedwe.

Kusungunuka kwamadzi:Kusungunuka kwambiri m'madzi, kupanga njira yopanda mtundu

Kusakhazikika kwa kutentha:idzawola ikatenthedwa pafupifupi 100 ° C

Acidity:ndi amphamvu asidi, kwathunthu dissociates mu amadzimadzi njira

Magawo ofunsira kwambiri
1. Mapulogalamu mu Analytical Chemistry
(1) Zochita za Malaprade
Kugwiritsa ntchito kodziwika kwambiri kwa periodic acid ndiko kusanthula kwamafuta amafuta. Imatha kutulutsa oxidize ndikuphwanya ma diol oyandikana (monga ma cis diol mu mamolekyulu amafuta) kuti apange ma aldehydes kapena ma ketoni ofanana. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa:
-Kusanthula kapangidwe ka polysaccharide
- Kutsimikiza kwa kapangidwe ka shuga mu glycoproteins
- Nucleotide sequence analysis

(2) Kutsimikiza kophatikizika kwachilengedwe
Njira ya periodate oxidation ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudziwa:
- Glycerol ndi esters ake
- Ma alpha amino acid
-Mapangidwe ena a phenolic

2. Mapulogalamu mu Sayansi Yazinthu
(1) Makampani opanga zamagetsi
- Chithandizo chapamwamba cha zida za semiconductor
-Micro etching of printed circuit board (PCBs)
-Kuyeretsa chigawo chamagetsi
(2) Kukonza zitsulo
-Pamwamba passivation mankhwala a zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri
-Kutsuka zitsulo pamwamba ndi kusamalitsa
- Njira za oxidation mu njira ya electroplating

3. Gawo la Biomedical
(1) Madontho a histological
Njira yodetsa ya periodic acid Schiff (PAS) ndi njira yofunikira pakuzindikira matenda:
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira ma polysaccharides ndi glycoproteins mu minofu
- Kuwonetsa kwa membrane yapansi, khoma la cell fungal ndi zina
- Wothandizira matenda ena zotupa

(2) Zolemba za Biomolecular
-Kusanthula kwa malo a protein glycosylation
-Kafukufuku wa zinthu za shuga pama cell

4. Ntchito mu organic synthesis
Monga oxidant yosankha, imagwira nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana zama organic:
- Cis dihydroxylation ya olefins
-Kusankha makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mowa
-Kuchotsa zochita zamagulu ena oteteza

Chitetezo

Chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito periodic acid:
1. Kuwonongeka: Kuwononga kwambiri khungu, maso, ndi minyewa
2. Kuopsa kwa okosijeni: Kukhudzana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kungayambitse moto kapena kuphulika
3. Zofunika posungira: Khalani kutali ndi kuwala, kosindikizidwa, komanso pamalo ozizira
4. Chitetezo chaumwini: Poyesera, magalasi oteteza, magolovesi, ndi zovala zodzitetezera ziyenera kuvala.

Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa njira zowunikira komanso chitukuko cha sayansi yazinthu, magawo ogwiritsira ntchito acidic acid akukulirakulirabe.
Nanomaterial synthesis: monga oxidant yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikukonzekera zina za nanomatadium
Njira zatsopano zowunikira: kuphatikiza ndi zida zamakono zowunikira monga mass spectrometry
Green Chemistry: Kupanga njira yosamalira zachilengedwe yobwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito acidic acid

Periodate, monga oxidant yothandiza komanso yeniyeni, imagwira ntchito yosasinthika m'magawo osiyanasiyana kuyambira pakufufuza koyambira mpaka kupanga mafakitale.