I roto i te ao matū waro, kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te hiranga o ngā matū whakaiti. I roto i ngā momo matū e whakamahia ana mō tēnei kaupapa, ko te acetyl chloride te mea e tū ana mō ōna āhuatanga ahurei me te maha o ngā whakamahinga. Ma tēnei tuhinga e whakarato he tirohanga hōhonu ki ngā āhuatanga o te acetyl chloride, ōna whakamahinga, me tōna tūranga i roto i te whakaiti i ngā rōpū mahi waro.
He aha te acetyl chloride?
Acetyl chloride, te tātai matū CH3COCl, he waikawa pūhaumāota i ahu mai i te waikawa acetic. He wai kore tae, he kakara haunga, ā, he tino tauhohe, inā koa ki te wai me te waipiro. Nā tēnei tauhohenga he matū nui i roto i ngā momo tauhohenga matū, inā koa ki te hanga i ētahi atu matū waro.
Te tūranga o te acetyl chloride i roto i te tauhohenga whakaiti
Ko tētahi o ngā tono matua oātiriki konukōrehe mea whakaiti i roto i te matū waro. He tino whai hua ki te whakaiti i ngā aldehyde, ngā ketone me ngā phthalides kua whakapūkarahia. Nā te kaha ki te whakaiti i ēnei rōpū mahi, ka waiho te acetyl chloride hei taputapu whai hua mō ngā kaimātai matū.
Whakaitihia ngā aldehydes me ngā ketones
He rōpū mahi noa ngā aldehydes (RCHO) me ngā ketones (RCOR) i roto i ngā pūhui waro. He mea nui te whakaiti i ēnei rōpū mō te hanga waipiro me ētahi atu matū e pā ana ki tēnei.Acetyl chlorideka taea te whakahaere i tēnei panonitanga mā te tuku i ngā irahiko, ka huri i te rōpū carbonyl ki te rōpū hydroxyl. Ehara i te mea he whai hua noa iho tēnei tauhohenga, engari ka taea hoki te whakaiti i ngā rōpū mahi motuhake me te kore e pā ki ētahi atu rōpū mahi i roto i te ngota.
Ngā naphthalene kua whakamāotaotia
Ko ngā ophthalone kua whakakōkōhia he chlorine tētahi atu momo matū ka taea te whakaiti mā te whakamahi i te acetyl chloride. He mea whakamahi noa ēnei matū i roto i ngā tohu pH me ngā tae. Ka taea e te tukanga whakaiti te whakarerekē i ō rātou āhuatanga, kia pai ake ai mō ngā tono motuhake. Mā te whakamahi i te acetyl chloride, ka taea e ngā matū te whakatutuki i ngā whakarerekētanga e hiahiatia ana me te pupuri tonu i te hanganga whānui.
Ngā painga o te whakamahi i te acetyl chloride
1. Te Kōwhiringa:Ko tētahi o ngā painga nui o te whakamahi i te acetyl chloride hei kaiwhakaiti ko tōna whiriwhiri. Ka taea e ia te aro ki ngā rōpū mahi motuhake me te kore e pā ki ētahi atu rōpū mahi, ka taea ai te whakarerekē tika i ngā ngota rauropi matatini.
2. Te Whai Hua:He teitei te tere o te tauhohenga e whakamahia ana te acetyl chloride, ka tere ake te wā hanga. He tino painga tēnei whai huatanga i roto i ngā tono ahumahi ina he mea nui te wā me te utu.
3. Ngā mahi maha:Ka taea te whakamahi i te acetyl chloride i roto i ngā momo tauhohenga maha atu i te whakaiti, tae atu ki te acylation me te hanga ester. Nā tēnei maha o ngā āhuatanga ka waiho hei matū whai hua i roto i te pouaka taputapu a te matū matū waro.
Ngā whakatūpato haumaru
Ahakoaātiriki konukōreHe matū kaha te matū, me tino tupato te whakahaere. He waikura, ā, ka wera nui ina pā ki te kiri, ki ngā kanohi rānei. Hei tāpiri, ka tukuna he waikawa hauwaiora ina tauhohe ki te wai, ka mōrearea pea. He mea nui ngā tikanga haumaru tika ina mahi ana me tēnei matū, tae atu ki te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro (PPE) me te mahi i roto i tētahi wāhi e pai ana te hau.
Acetyl chlorideHe matū whakamere tēnei i roto i te ao matū waro, inā koa hei kaiwhakaiti mō ngā aldehyde, ngā ketone me ngā phthalides kua whakakōkōhia. Nā tōna whiriwhiringa, tōna whai huatanga, me tōna whānui hoki, he rauemi nui tēnei mā ngā kaimātai matū. Heoi anō, ko te haumaru te mea nui tonu ina whakahaerea ēnei matū hohe. I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o ngā rangahau me ngā tono matū waro, kāore e kore ka whai wāhi nui tonu te acetyl chloride ki te hanga me te whakarerekētanga o ngā matū waro.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-18-2024