waikawa ā-wāHe waikawa kaha inorganic nui te (HIO₄) e whānuitia ana hei waikura i roto i ngā mara pūtaiao me ngā mara ahumahi. Mā tēnei tuhinga ka whakaratohia he whakataki taipitopito ki ngā āhuatanga o tēnei matū motuhake me ōna whakamahinga nui i roto i ngā mara rerekē.
Ngā āhuatanga matū o te waikawa ā-wā
Ko te Periodate te āhua whakapūngao teitei rawa atu o te waikawa iodine kei roto te hāora (+7 valence), e kitea ana i roto i ngā tioata kore tae, i te paura mā rānei. E whai ake nei ōna āhuatanga nui:
Te kaha whakapūkara kaha:Me te pūmanawa whakaheke paerewa tae atu ki te 1.6V, ka taea e ia te waikura i ngā momo matū waro me ngā matū kore-waro.
Te wairewatanga wai:He tino wairewa i roto i te wai, ka hanga he otinga kore tae
Te kore pumau o te wera:ka pirau ina wera ake i te 100°C
Te waikawa:nō te waikawa kaha, ka memeha katoa i roto i te wairewa
Ngā wāhi tono matua
1. Ngā Whakamahinga i roto i te Matū Tātari
(1) Tauhohenga Malaprade
Ko te whakamahinga rongonui o te waikawa pūmau ko te tātari matū o ngā warowaihā. Ka taea e ia te whakahāngai me te wawahi i ngā hanganga diol tata (pērā i ngā cis diol i roto i ngā ngota warowaihā) hei whakaputa i ngā aldehyde, i ngā ketone rānei e rite ana. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o tēnei tauhohenga mō:
-Te tātaritanga o te hanganga polysaccharide
-Te whakatau i te hanganga mekameka huka i roto i ngā glycoprotein
-Tātari raupapatanga nukleotida
(2) Te whakatau i ngā matū waro
Ka taea te whakamahi i te tikanga whakahāora ā-periode hei whakatau:
-Te nui o te kariserol me ōna ester
-Te ihirangi waikawa amino ārepa
-Ētahi matū phenolic
2. Ngā Whakamahinga i roto i te Pūtaiao Rauemi
(1) Ahumahi hiko
-Te maimoatanga mata o ngā rauemi haurua-ira
-Te whakairo moroiti o ngā papa hiko tā (PCB)
-Te horoi i ngā wāhanga hiko
(2) Te tukatuka whakarewa
-Maimoatanga whakakore mata o te kowiri tira
-Te horoi me te maimoatanga o mua i te mata whakarewa
-Ngā taahiraa whakahāora i roto i te tukanga whakakikorua hiko
3. Marae koiora
(1) Te tae histological
He tikanga nui te tikanga tākai waikawa ā-wā (PAS) mō te tautuhi i te mate:
-Whakamahia hei kimi i ngā polysaccharides me ngā glycoproteins i roto i ngā kiko
-Whakaaturanga o te kiriuhi raro, te pakitara pūtau harore me ētahi atu hanganga
-He āwhina ki te tautuhi i ētahi pukupuku
(2) Ngā tohu koiora-ngota
-Te tātaritanga o ngā pae glycosylation pūmua
-Rangahau mō ngā matatini huka i runga i te mata o te pūtau
4. Ngā tono i roto i te hanganga rauropi
Hei kaiwhakahāora whiriwhiri, ka whai wāhi atu ia ki ngā tauhohenga rauropi maha:
-Te dihydroxylation Cis o ngā olefins
-Te whakahāweatanga whiriwhiri o ngā waipiro
-Ngā tauhohenga tango o ētahi rōpū tiaki
Ngā whakatūpato haumaru
Me aro nui ina whakamahia te waikawa ā-wā:
1. Te waikura: He kaha te waikura ki te kiri, ki ngā kanohi, me ngā kiriuhi mucous
2. Tūponotanga waikura: Ka pā pea te ahi, te pahū rānei ki te pā atu ki ngā mea rauropi
3. Ngā whakaritenga rokiroki: Puritia kia matara atu i te mārama, kia hiritia, kia noho ki te wāhi hauhautanga
4. Tiakitanga whaiaro: I ngā wā whakamātautau, me mau ngā mōhiti tiaki, ngā karapu, me ngā kākahu tiaki
I te whanaketanga o ngā tikanga tātari me te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao rauemi, kei te whānui haere tonu ngā mara tono o te waikawa ā-pūtaiao.
Te hanga rauemi nano: hei waikura e uru ana ki te whakarite i ētahi rauemi nano
Ngā tikanga tātari hou: i honoa ki ngā taputapu tātari hou pēnei i te ine papatipu
Matū Kakariki: Te whakawhanake i tētahi tukanga e pai ake ana mō te taiao mō te hangarua me te whakamahi anō i te waikawa ā-wā
Hei matū waikura whai hua, motuhake hoki a Periodate, he mea nui tana mahi i roto i ngā momo mara mai i te rangahau taketake ki te whakaputa ahumahi.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-10-2025