Sodium borohydrideyog ib qho hmoov dawb crystalline nrog cov mis tshuaj NaBH4. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj muaj zog uas siv dav hauv ntau yam lag luam vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim. Cov tshuaj no tsis yog tsuas yog tseem ceeb hauv cov organic chemistry xwb, tab sis kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, kev siv ib puag ncig, thiab txawm tias cov tshuaj. Hauv cov blog no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav ntau yam kev siv ntawm sodium borohydride thiab nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov chaw sib txawv.
Cov neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv cov organic chemistry
Ib qho ntawm cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm sodium borohydride yog nws lub luag haujlwm ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv cov organic chemistry. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo cov aldehydes thiab ketones rau cov cawv sib xws. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim ntau yam organic compounds, ua rau sodium borohydride yog cov khoom siv raw hauv chav kuaj thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Nws lub peev xwm los xaiv cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ua rau cov kws tshuaj tsim cov molecules nyuaj nrog kev ua haujlwm, ua rau nws yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev ua cov organic synthesis.
Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj
Sodium borohydridekuj siv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tus neeg sawv cev hydrogenating rau dihydrostreptomycin, ib yam tshuaj tua kab mob siv los kho tus kab mob ntsws. Cov txheej txheem txo qis uas txhawb nqa los ntawm sodium borohydride yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tseem ceeb no. Tsis tas li ntawd, sodium borohydride kuj tseem siv tau ua ib qho nruab nrab hauv kev tsim cov PBH (polyborohydride) thiab siv rau hauv ntau yam txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg. Nws lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kho mob qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sodium borohydride hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj cawm siav.
Txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom
Hauv kev tsim khoom,sodium borohydridesiv ua tus neeg sawv cev rau cov yas. Daim ntawv thov no tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim cov khoom siv yas uas tsis hnyav thiab ruaj khov. Los ntawm kev ntxiv sodium borohydride thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem tsim cov ua npuas ncauj uas tsis yog tsuas yog muaj zog xwb tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev. Qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no tau txhawb nqa kev tsim cov khoom lag luam xws li cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom mus rau cov khoom siv tsheb.
Daim Ntawv Thov Ib puag ncig
Sodium borohydridemuaj kev siv ntau dua li cov tshuaj siv ib txwm muaj. Nws kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig. Ib qho kev siv tseem ceeb yog ua tus neeg sawv cev kho dej khib nyiab mercury. Mercury yog ib qho hlau hnyav lom uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau ib puag ncig thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Sodium borohydride tuaj yeem txo cov mercury ions hauv cov dej khib nyiab thiab hloov lawv mus rau hauv cov qauv tsis muaj kev phom sij. Daim ntawv thov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov hlau hnyav, pab txo qis kev ua qias tuaj ntawm ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv cov ecosystems.
Lub luag haujlwm hauv kev lag luam ntawv
Kev lag luam ntawv kuj lees paub cov txiaj ntsig ntawm sodium borohydride. Nws yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem bleaching los pab txo cov xim ntawm cov ntoo pulp, ua rau cov khoom ntawv ci dua thiab dawb dua. Daim ntawv thov no tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg tab sis kuj pab txhawb rau kev coj ua kom ruaj khov dua los ntawm kev txo qhov xav tau cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov txheej txheem bleaching.
Sodium borohydrideyog ib qho tshuaj zoo kawg nkaus uas muaj ntau yam kev siv thoob plaws ntau yam lag luam. Txij li nws lub luag haujlwm ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg mus rau cov ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, kev tsim khoom, kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig thiab kev ua ntawv, sodium borohydride tau ua pov thawj tias yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no thiab kev lag luam. Raws li kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv nrhiav pom cov kev siv tshiab rau cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke no, nws qhov tseem ceeb yuav nce ntxiv, ua rau nws yog tus neeg ua si tseem ceeb hauv kev nrhiav kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev ruaj khov. Txawm hais tias koj yog tus kws tshuaj lom neeg, tus tsim khoom, lossis tus neeg tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev nkag siab txog ntau yam kev siv ntawm sodium borohydride tuaj yeem muab cov kev nkag siab zoo rau nws qhov cuam tshuam rau peb lub ntiaj teb.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-18-2024