Hauv kev tshawb fawb txog cov organic chemistry, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev txo qis tsis tuaj yeem hais ntau dhau. Ntawm ntau yam tshuaj siv rau lub hom phiaj no, acetyl chloride sawv tawm rau nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim. Cov blog no yuav muab kev saib tob txog cov khoom ntawm acetyl chloride, nws cov ntawv thov, thiab nws lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txo cov pab pawg ua haujlwm organic.
Acetyl chloride yog dab tsi?
Acetyl chloride, tshuaj mis CH3COCl, yog cov kua qaub chloride uas tau los ntawm acetic acid. Nws yog cov kua tsis muaj xim nrog cov ntxhiab tsw qab thiab muaj zog heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog dej thiab cawv. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev tshuaj lom neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tsim cov organic sib xyaw.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm acetyl chloride hauv kev txo qis
Ib qho ntawm cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawmacetyl chlorideyog ib qho tshuaj txo qis hauv cov organic chemistry. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txo cov aldehydes, ketones thiab chlorinated phthalides. Lub peev xwm los xaiv cov pab pawg ua haujlwm no ua rau acetyl chloride yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov kws tshuaj.
Txo cov aldehydes thiab ketones
Aldehydes (RCHO) thiab ketones (RCOR) yog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm sib xws hauv cov organic compounds. Kev txo qis ntawm cov pab pawg no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov cawv thiab lwm yam derivatives.Acetyl chloridetuaj yeem pab txhawb qhov kev hloov pauv no los ntawm kev pub cov electrons, ua kom hloov pauv pawg carbonyl mus rau hauv pawg hydroxyl. Tsis yog tsuas yog qhov kev ua haujlwm no ua tau zoo xwb, tab sis nws tuaj yeem xaiv txo cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yam tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm hauv lub molecule.
Cov tshuaj naphthalene uas muaj chlorine
Cov tshuaj ophthalones uas muaj chlorinated yog lwm hom tshuaj uas siv tau los txo cov tshuaj acetyl chloride. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv rau hauv cov pH indicators thiab dyes. Cov txheej txheem txo cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem hloov lawv cov yam ntxwv, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm kev siv acetyl chloride, cov kws tshuaj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kev hloov kho uas xav tau thaum tswj hwm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm tag nrho cov qauv.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv acetyl chloride
1. Kev xaiv:Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv acetyl chloride ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis yog nws qhov kev xaiv. Nws tuaj yeem tsom mus rau cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yam tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm, tso cai rau kev hloov pauv meej ntawm cov organic molecules nyuaj.
2. Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo:Feem ntau cov tshuaj acetyl chloride ua rau cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke sai dua, ua rau lub sijhawm tsim cov tshuaj sai dua. Qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev siv hauv kev lag luam uas lub sijhawm thiab tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb.
3. Kev siv tau ntau yam:Acetyl chloride siv tau rau ntau yam kev ua tshuaj tsis yog kev txo qis, suav nrog acylation thiab ester synthesis. Qhov kev hloov pauv no ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom muaj nqis hauv cov cuab yeej organic chemist.
Kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb
Txawm hais tiasacetyl chlorideyog ib qho tshuaj reagent muaj zog, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Nws yog corrosive thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab hnyav thaum kov nrog daim tawv nqaij lossis qhov muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tso tawm hydrochloric acid thaum nws reacts nrog dej, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj no, suav nrog kev siv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE) thiab ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw muaj cua zoo.
Acetyl chlorideyog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg nthuav hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov organic chemistry, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tus neeg sawv cev txo qis rau aldehydes, ketones thiab chlorinated phthalides. Nws qhov kev xaiv, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab kev hloov pauv ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom muaj nqis rau cov kws tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nyab xeeb yeej ib txwm yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb thaum tuav cov tshuaj nquag no. Raws li kev tshawb fawb txog organic chemistry thiab daim ntawv thov txuas ntxiv mus, acetyl chloride yuav tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg txuas ntxiv mus ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim thiab kev hloov kho ntawm cov organic compounds.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-18-2024