Ammonium molybdate, ib qho inorganic compound uas muaj molybdenum, oxygen, nitrogen, thiab hydrogen (feem ntau hu ua ammonium tetramolybdate lossis ammonium heptamolybdate), tau ntev dhau los ua lub luag haujlwm ua ib qho tshuaj reagent hauv chav kuaj vim nws cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb - kev ua haujlwm catalytic zoo heev, lub peev xwm los tsim cov precipitates lossis complexes nrog phosphate ions, thiab lub peev xwm los decompose rau hauv cov molybdenum oxides lossis hlau molybdenum nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Nws tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb tshuaj lom neeg txhawb nqa ntau qhov chaw tseem ceeb xws li kev lag luam niaj hnub, kev ua liaj ua teb, kev tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev sim ib puag ncig.
1. Lub cav tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ntawm catalysis: tsav tsheb lub zog huv thiab kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo
Hauv thaj chaw ntawm catalytic,ammonium molybdatetuaj yeem suav hais tias yog "cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb". Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tsim cov catalysts hydroprocessing (HDS catalyst rau desulfurization, HDN catalyst rau denitrification). Piv txwv li, siv roj av refining, feem ntau ntawm ammonium molybdate noj thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo yog siv rau lub hom phiaj no:
Kev desulfurization thiab denitrification tob: Molybdenum oxide tsim los ntawm kev rhuav tshem ntawm ammonium molybdate yog thauj khoom rau ntawm alumina carrier thiab ua ke nrog cobalt lossis nickel oxides los tsim cov precursor ntawm cov khoom siv nquag ntawm catalyst. Cov catalyst no tuaj yeem ua kom zoo decompose thiab hloov cov organic sulfides (xws li thiophene) thiab cov organic nitrides hauv cov roj nyoos thiab nws cov feem (xws li diesel thiab roj av) mus rau hauv cov hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, thiab saturated hydrocarbons yooj yim sib cais hauv qhov kub thiab siab hydrogen ib puag ncig. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog txo cov sulfur ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj tsheb (ua raws li cov cai ib puag ncig nruj dua xws li Euro VI tus qauv), txo cov pa phem ntawm acid nag thiab PM2.5 precursor SOx, tab sis kuj txhim kho kev ruaj khov roj thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav.
Cov ntawv thov nthuav dav: Hauv cov txheej txheem xaiv hydrogenation ntawm cov thee liquefaction, roj thiab rog hydrogenation refining los tsim cov zaub mov qib roj zaub lossis biodiesel, nrog rau ntau yam khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, cov catalysts raws li ammonium molybdate kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, tsav tsheb ua haujlwm zoo thiab huv si ntawm lub log loj.
2. Tus kav tshuaj lom neeg qub: lub "qhov muag kub" rau kev kuaj pom tseeb
Txoj kev "molybdenum xiav" uas tau tsim los ntawm ammonium molybdate hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuaj yog tus qauv kub rau kev ntsuas kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm phosphate (PO₄³⁻), uas tau
tau sim ib puas xyoo:
Txoj Cai Txhim Kho Xim: Hauv cov kua qaub, cov phosphate ions ua rau ammonium molybdate ua rau cov kua qaub daj phosphomolybdic. Cov kua qaub no tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj txo xws li ascorbic acid thiab stannous chloride, ua rau muaj xim xiav tob "molybdenum xiav". Qhov tob ntawm nws cov xim yog sib npaug rau qhov concentration ntawm phosphate ntawm qhov wavelength tshwj xeeb (xws li 880nm).
Kev Siv Dav Dav: Txoj kev no siv dav hauv kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig (kev ntsuam xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm eutrophication hauv cov dej saum npoo av thiab cov dej khib nyiab), kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua liaj ua teb (kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov phosphorus thiab cov chiv phosphorus hauv av), kev lag luam khoom noj (kev tswj cov phosphorus hauv cov dej haus thiab cov khoom ntxiv), thiab biochemistry (kev tshuaj xyuas cov inorganic phosphorus hauv cov ntshav thiab cov metabolites hauv lub cev) vim nws qhov kev nkag siab siab (ntsuas tau qib), kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, thiab tus nqi qis. Nws muab kev txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha rau kev tiv thaiv dej zoo, kev ua kom raug, thiab kev tshawb fawb txog lub neej.
3. Lub luag haujlwm ob npaug ntawm kev ua hlau thiab metallurgy: kws tshaj lij hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ntxuav
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb zoo: Ammonium molybdate yog siv dav ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb anodic hauv kev kho dej hauv kev lag luam (xws li cov tshuab cua txias loj hauv nruab nrab, cov dej pub boiler) thiab cov dej txias hauv lub cav tsheb vim nws tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig (tsawg lom piv rau chromate) thiab kev ua tau zoo heev. Nws oxidizes ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hlau thiab txhuas alloys) los tsim cov zaj duab xis passivation molybdenum uas tuab thiab nplaum heev (xws li hlau molybdate thiab calcium molybdate), zoo thaiv qhov xeb ntawm cov substrate los ntawm dej, cov pa oxygen yaj, thiab cov ions corrosive (xws li Cl⁻), ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ntev dua.
Qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau molybdenum thiab cov hlau sib xyaw: cov ammonium molybdate uas muaj qhov huv siab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov hmoov hlau molybdenum uas muaj qhov huv siab. Cov hmoov molybdenum uas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov hmoov metallurgy tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem calcination thiab txo qis (feem ntau hauv huab cua hydrogen). Cov hmoov molybdenum no tuaj yeem ua tiav ntxiv los tsim cov khoom siv cua sov kub, cov khoom siv semiconductor kev lag luam, cov hlau molybdenum ua tau zoo (xws li cov hlau molybdenum titanium zirconium siv rau cov khoom siv kub siab hauv aerospace), nrog rau cov khoom lag luam siab xws li cov hom phiaj sputtering.
4. Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb: Ib 'Kev Ua Koob Tsheej ntawm Lub Neej' rau Cov Khoom Noj Muaj Quav
Molybdenum yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm nitrogenase thiab nitrate reductase
Molybdenum chiv lub hauv paus: Ammonium molybdate (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ammonium tetramolybdate) yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov chiv molybdenum zoo vim nws cov dej yaj tau zoo thiab bioavailability. Siv ncaj qha lossis txau ua cov chiv nplooj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv thiab kho cov tsos mob tsis txaus molybdenum (xws li nplooj daj, deformities - "kab mob whip tail", kev loj hlob inhibition) hauv cov qoob loo leguminous (xws li taum pauv thiab alfalfa uas vam khom rhizobia rau nitrogen fixation) thiab cov qoob loo cruciferous (xws li paj noob hlis thiab rapeseed).
Ua kom cov qoob loo ntau ntxiv thiab txhim kho qhov zoo: Kev ntxiv cov ammonium molybdate chiv kom txaus tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov nroj tsuag nitrogen metabolism efficiency, txhim kho cov protein synthesis, txhawb kev tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, thiab thaum kawg txhim kho cov qoob loo thiab zoo, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zaub mov thiab kev txhim kho kev ua liaj ua teb ruaj khov.
5. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Cov Khoom Siv: Lub 'Qhov Chaw ntawm Kev Txawj Ntse' rau Cov Khoom Siv Ua Haujlwm
Lub peev xwm hloov pauv tshuaj ntawm ammonium molybdate muab txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv siab heev:
Cov khoom siv ua los ntawm cov ...
Qhov chaw pib ntawm cov tshuaj molybdenum tshiab: Ua ib qho chaw molybdenum, ammonium molybdate yog siv dav hauv kev siv hauv chaw kuaj mob thiab kev lag luam los tsim cov molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂, cov roj nplua nyeem khov kho, cov khoom siv lithium negative electrode), molybdenum raws li polyoxometalates (polyoxometalates nrog catalytic, antiviral, magnetic thiab lwm yam khoom), thiab lwm yam khoom siv ua haujlwm ntawm molybdates (xws li cov ntaub ntawv photocatalytic, cov ntaub ntawv fluorescent).
6. Kev lag luam hluav taws xob: tus "neeg ua yeeb yam tom qab" ntawm kev tsim khoom raug
Hauv kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob precision, ammonium molybdate kuj tau pom cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb:
Cov tshuaj ua kom nplaim taws rov qab zoo dua: Qee cov tshuaj uas muaj ammonium molybdate yog siv los kho cov ntaub ntawv polymer (xws li cov yas rwb thaiv tsev rau cov xov hlau thiab cov cables, cov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court), los ntawm kev txhawb nqa carbonization thiab hloov txoj kev thermal decomposition, txhim kho qhov ntsuas nplaim taws rov qab thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa luam yeeb ntawm cov khoom.
Cov khoom siv electroplating thiab tshuaj plating: Hauv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib xyaw electroplating lossis tshuaj plating, ammonium molybdate tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom ntxiv los txhim kho qhov ci ntsa iab, kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, lossis kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov txheej.
Txij ntawm lub chaw ua roj uas tsav cov nkoj loj mus ncig ua si ntev mus rau lub tiv thaiv xeb uas tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej siv precision; Txij ntawm cov tshuaj reagent rhiab heev uas qhia txog cov phosphorus hauv lub ntiaj teb microscopic, mus rau tus tub txib ntawm cov kab mob uas pub rau cov teb loj; Txij ntawm cov pob txha tawv ntawm cov hlau kub siab mus rau qhov chaw tshiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm tshiab - daim ntawv qhia kev siv ntawmammonium molybdate- ua pov thawj tias lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim hauv kev vam meej niaj hnub no.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-05-2025