periodic acid(HIO ₄) yog ib qho tseem ceeb inorganic muaj zog acid uas muaj ntau yam kev siv raws li oxidant nyob rau hauv ntau yam scientific thiab industrial teb. Kab lus no yuav muab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb compound thiab nws cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam.
Chemical zog ntawm periodic acid
Periodate yog lub xeev oxidation siab tshaj plaws uas muaj cov kua qaub ntawm iodine (+7 valence), feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov xim tsis muaj kob lossis cov hmoov dawb. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
Muaj zog oxidizing muaj peev xwm:Nrog rau tus qauv txo qhov peev xwm txog li 1.6V, nws tuaj yeem oxidize ntau cov organic thiab inorganic tebchaw.
Dej solubility:Soluble heev nyob rau hauv dej, tsim ib tug colorless tov
Thermal instability:yuav decompose thaum rhuab tshaj li 100 ° C
Acidity:belongs rau muaj zog acid, kiag li dissociates nyob rau hauv aqueous tov
Cov chaw siv tseem ceeb
1. Cov ntawv thov hauv Kev Tshawb Fawb Chemistry
(1) Malaprade tshuaj tiv thaiv
Cov npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm periodic acid yog nyob rau hauv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm carbohydrates. Nws tuaj yeem tshwj xeeb oxidize thiab tawg cov qauv diol uas nyob ib sab (xws li cis diols hauv carbohydrate molecules) los tsim cov aldehydes los yog ketones. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog siv dav rau:
-Kev tsom xam ntawm cov qauv polysaccharide
- Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov qauv suab thaj hauv glycoproteins
-Nucleotide soj ntsuam kab ke
(2) Organic compound txiav txim siab
Txoj kev oxidation periodate tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab:
-Glycerol thiab nws cov ntsiab lus esters
-Alpha amino acid cov ntsiab lus
- Qee cov phenolic tebchaw
2. Cov ntawv thov hauv Materials Science
(1) Kev lag luam hluav taws xob
- Kev kho deg ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor
- Micro etching ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit Board (PCBs)
- Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tu
(2) Hlau ua
-Nto passivation kho ntawm stainless hlau
- Hlau nto tu thiab pretreatment
-Oxidation cov kauj ruam hauv cov txheej txheem electroplating
3. Biomedical teb
(1) Histological staining
Cov txheej txheem periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob pathological:
-Siv los kuaj xyuas polysaccharides thiab glycoproteins hauv cov ntaub so ntswg
-Kev nthuav qhia hauv qab daus membrane, fungal cell phab ntsa thiab lwm yam qauv
-Txoj kev kuaj mob ntawm qee cov qog
(2) Cov cim biomolecular
-Kev tsom xam ntawm qhov chaw protein glycosylation
- Tshawb nrhiav cov suab thaj complexes ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes
4. Kev siv rau hauv cov organic synthesis
Raws li kev xaiv oxidant, nws koom nrog ntau yam kev cuam tshuam cov organic:
-Cis dihydroxylation ntawm olefins
- Xaiv oxidation ntawm cawv
-Txoj kev tawm tsam ntawm qee pawg tiv thaiv
Kev ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb
Kev ceev faj yuav tsum tau them thaum siv cov kua qaub periodic:
1. Corrosivity: Muaj zog corrosiveness rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov muag, thiab mucous daim nyias nyias
2. Oxidation txaus ntshai: Kev sib cuag nrog cov organic teeb meem yuav ua rau hluav taws kub los yog tawg
3. Yuav tsum khaws cia: Khaws kom deb ntawm lub teeb, kaw, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txias
4. Kev tiv thaiv tus kheej: Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm sim, yuav tsum hnav looj tsom iav, hnab looj tes, thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, daim ntawv thov teb ntawm periodic acid tseem tab tom nthuav dav.
Nanomaterial synthesis: raws li oxidant koom nrog hauv kev npaj ntawm qee yam nanomaterials
Cov txheej txheem tshiab analytical: ua ke nrog cov cuab yeej ntsuas niaj hnub xws li huab hwm coj spectrometry
Green Chemistry: Tsim cov txheej txheem zoo ib puag ncig rau kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov siv cov kua qaub dua
Periodate, raws li qhov ua tau zoo thiab tshwj xeeb oxidant, ua lub luag haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv ntau qhov chaw los ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev tsim khoom lag luam.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-10-2025