Ammonium molybdate, wani sinadari mai kama da molybdenum, oxygen, nitrogen, da hydrogen elements (wanda aka fi sani da ammonium tetramolybdate ko ammonium heptamolybdate), ya daɗe yana aiki a matsayin reagent na dakin gwaje-gwaje saboda keɓantattun halayen sinadarai - kyakkyawan aikin catalytic, ikon samar da abubuwan da suka haifar da sinadarai ko hadaddun abubuwa tare da ions na phosphate, da kuma ikon ruɓewa zuwa molybdenum oxides masu aiki ko molybdenum na ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin takamaiman yanayi. Ya zama ginshiƙin sinadarai masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke tallafawa fannoni da yawa na mahimmanci kamar masana'antar zamani, noma, kimiyyar kayan aiki, da gwajin muhalli.
1. Injin da ke cikin ɓangaren catalysis: yana haɓaka makamashi mai tsafta da ingantaccen masana'antar sinadarai
A fannin catalysis,ammonium molybdateana iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin "kayan ƙasa na dutse mai kusurwa". Babban manufarsa ita ce samar da abubuwan ƙarfafawa na hydroprocessing (HDS catalyst don desulfurization, HDN catalyst don denitrification). Idan aka ɗauki misalin tace mai, yawancin ammonium molybdate da ake amfani da shi a duk duniya kowace shekara ana amfani da shi don wannan dalili:
Nunin rage sulfur da kuma rage sulfur: Ana ɗora sinadarin molybdenum oxide da aka samar ta hanyar rugujewar ammonium molybdate a kan wani abu mai ɗauke da alumina kuma a haɗa shi da cobalt ko nickel oxides don samar da abin da ke haifar da sinadarin mai aiki a cikin sinadarin. Wannan sinadarin mai haɓaka zai iya wargazawa da kuma canza sulfides na halitta (kamar thiophene) da nitrides na halitta a cikin ɗanyen mai da ɓangarorinsa (kamar dizal da fetur) zuwa hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, da hydrocarbons masu cikakken tsari waɗanda za a iya raba su cikin sauƙi a cikin yanayin hydrogen mai zafi da matsin lamba mai yawa. Wannan ba wai kawai yana rage yawan sinadarin sulfur na man fetur na motoci ba (yana cika ƙa'idodin muhalli masu tsauri kamar ƙa'idodin Euro VI), yana rage fitar da hayakin ruwan acid da kuma PM2.5 precursor SOx, amma kuma yana inganta daidaiton mai da aikin injin.
Faɗaɗa aikace-aikace: A cikin tsarin hydrogenation na zaɓe na liquefaction na kwal, tace mai da mai don samar da man kayan lambu ko biodiesel, da kuma samfuran sinadarai daban-daban na halitta, abubuwan kara kuzari waɗanda aka gina akan ammonium molybdate suma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa, suna haifar da ingantaccen samar da babban ƙafafun.
2. Babban mai mulkin kimiyyar nazari: "ido mai launin zinare" don gano daidai
"Hanyar shuɗin molybdenum" da ammonium molybdate ya kafa a cikin ilmin sunadarai na nazari shine ma'aunin zinare don gano adadi na phosphate (PO ₄³ ⁻), wanda aka riga aka ƙaddara shi.
an gwada shi tsawon shekaru ɗari:
Ka'idar haɓaka launi: A cikin yanayin acidic, ions na phosphate suna amsawa da ammonium molybdate don samar da hadaddun phosphomolybdic acid mai launin rawaya. Ana iya rage wannan hadaddun ta hanyar rage sinadarai kamar ascorbic acid da stannous chloride, suna samar da launin shuɗi mai zurfi "molybdenum blue". Zurfin launinsa yana daidai da yawan sinadarin phosphate a wani tsayin tsayi (kamar 880nm).
Amfani da shi sosai: Ana amfani da wannan hanyar sosai a cikin sa ido kan muhalli (kimantawa game da haɗarin eutrophication a cikin ruwan saman da sinadarin phosphorus na ruwa mai datti), binciken noma (ƙayyade yawan sinadarin phosphorus da taki da ake da shi a ƙasa), masana'antar abinci (sarrafa yawan sinadarin phosphorus a cikin abubuwan sha da ƙari), da kuma biochemistry (nazarin phosphorus marasa tsari a cikin sinadarin serum da metabolites na ƙwayoyin halitta) saboda yawan saurinsa (matakin ganowa da za a iya aunawa), aiki mai sauƙi, da ƙarancin farashi. Yana ba da ingantaccen tallafin bayanai don kariyar ingancin ruwa, hadi daidai, da binciken kimiyyar rayuwa.
3. Matsayi biyu na sarrafa ƙarfe da aikin ƙarfe: ƙwararre a fannin kariya da tsarkakewa
Ingancin hana tsatsa: Ammonium molybdate ana amfani da shi sosai a matsayin mai hana tsatsa anodic a cikin maganin ruwa na masana'antu (kamar manyan tsarin sanyaya iska ta tsakiya, ruwan dafa abinci na boiler) da kuma sanyaya injin mota saboda kyawun muhalli (ƙarancin guba idan aka kwatanta da chromate) da kuma kyakkyawan aiki. Yana yin oxidize a saman ƙarfe (musamman ƙarfe da ƙarfe) don samar da fim mai cike da mannewa mai tushen molybdenum (kamar ƙarfe molybdate da calcium molybdate), yana toshe tsatsawar substrate ta hanyar ruwa, iskar oxygen da ta narke, da ions masu lalata (kamar Cl ⁻), yana tsawaita rayuwar kayan aikin sosai.
Tushen ƙarfe molybdenum da ƙarfe: ammonium molybdate mai tsarki shine babban abin da ke haifar da samar da foda molybdenum mai tsarki. Ana iya samar da foda Molybdenum wanda ya cika buƙatun ƙarfe na foda ta hanyar sarrafa tsarin calcination da ragewa daidai (yawanci a cikin yanayin hydrogen). Ana iya ƙara sarrafa waɗannan foda molybdenum don samar da abubuwan dumama tanderu mai zafi, bututun masana'antu na semiconductor, ƙarfe molybdenum mai aiki sosai (kamar ƙarfe molybdenum titanium zirconium da ake amfani da shi don abubuwan da ke cikin zafin jiki mai zafi), da kuma samfuran masu inganci kamar abubuwan da ke haifar da sputtering.
4. Noma: 'Bikin Rayuwa' ga Abubuwan Da Aka Gano
Molybdenum yana ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ake buƙata ga tsirrai kuma yana da mahimmanci ga ayyukan nitrogenase da nitrate reductase
Tushen takin Molybdenum: Ammonium molybdate (musamman ammonium tetramolybdate) shine babban kayan da ake amfani da shi wajen kera takin molybdenum mai inganci saboda kyawun narkewar ruwa da kuma samuwar halittu. A shafa kai tsaye ko a fesa shi a matsayin takin foliar zai iya hana da kuma gyara alamun karancin molybdenum (kamar rawayan ganye, nakasar da ke tattare da shi - "cutar wutsiya mai bulala", hana girma) a cikin amfanin gona masu ganye (kamar waken soya da alfalfa waɗanda suka dogara da rhizobia don daidaita nitrogen) da amfanin gona masu giciye (kamar farin kabeji da rapeseed).
Ƙara yawan amfanin gona da inganta inganci: Ingantaccen amfani da takin ammonium molybdate zai iya inganta ingantaccen aikin samar da sinadarin nitrogen a cikin shuka, haɓaka haɗakar furotin, ƙarfafa juriya ga damuwa, da kuma inganta yawan amfanin gona da inganci, wanda hakan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen tabbatar da tsaron abinci da kuma ci gaban noma mai ɗorewa.
5. Kimiyyar Kayan Aiki: 'Tushen Hikima' don Kayan Aiki
Ikon canza sinadarai na ammonium molybdate yana ba da hanya mai mahimmanci don haɗa kayan aiki na zamani:
Tukwane masu aiki da abubuwan da suka fara aiki da su: ta hanyar gel ɗin sol, busar da feshi, rugujewar zafi da sauran fasahohi, ana iya amfani da maganin ammonium molybdate a matsayin abin da zai fara aiki don shirya foda na yumbu mai tushen molybdenum (kamar tukwane na piezoelectric na gubar molybdate) tare da kaddarorin lantarki na musamman, na gani ko na catalytic, da kuma rufin aiki (kamar rufin da ke jure lalacewa, rufin sarrafa zafi).
Wurin farawa na sabbin mahaɗan molybdenum: A matsayin tushen molybdenum, ana amfani da ammonium molybdate sosai a cikin gwaje-gwaje da aikace-aikacen masana'antu don haɗa molybdenum disulfide (MoS ₂, mai mai ƙarfi, kayan lantarki na lithium), polyoxometalates na tushen molybdenum (polyoxometalates tare da catalytic, antiviral, magnetic da sauran kaddarorin), da sauran kayan aikin molybdates (kamar kayan photocatalytic, kayan fluorescent).
6. Masana'antar lantarki: "jarumin da ke bayan fage" na masana'antar daidaito
A cikin kera kayan lantarki daidai, ammonium molybdate ya kuma sami takamaiman aikace-aikace:
Mai inganta hana harshen wuta: Ana amfani da wasu ƙwayoyi masu ɗauke da ammonium molybdate don magance kayan polymer (kamar su yadudduka na filastik don wayoyi da kebul, abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su a allon kewaye), ta hanyar haɓaka carbonization da canza hanyar rugujewar zafi, inganta ƙimar hana harshen wuta da kuma aikin hana hayaki na kayan.
Abubuwan da ke cikin fenti na lantarki da sinadarai: A cikin takamaiman hanyoyin fenti na alloy ko na sinadarai, ana iya amfani da ammonium molybdate azaman ƙari don inganta sheƙi, juriyar lalacewa, ko juriyar tsatsa na murfin.
Daga zuciyar tace mai da ke tuƙa manyan jiragen ruwa a kan dogayen tafiye-tafiye zuwa garkuwar hana tsatsa da ke kare kayan aikin daidai; Daga wani abu mai laushi wanda ke bayyana alamun abubuwan phosphorus a cikin duniyar da ba a gani ba, zuwa ga wani abu mai kama da alama wanda ke ciyar da manyan filayen; Daga ƙasusuwan ƙarfe masu ƙarfi na ƙarfe masu zafi zuwa tushen kayan aiki na zamani - taswirar aikace-aikacenammonium molybdate- ya tabbatar da muhimmancin muhimmancin sinadaran asali a cikin wayewar zamani ta fasaha.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-05-2025