lokaci-lokaci acid(HIO ₄) wani muhimmin acid mai ƙarfi ne na inorganic wanda ke da nau'ikan aikace-aikace a matsayin oxidant a fannonin kimiyya da masana'antu daban-daban. Wannan labarin zai ba da cikakken bayani game da halayen wannan fili na musamman da kuma muhimman aikace-aikacensa a fagage daban-daban.
Chemical Properties na lokaci-lokaci acid
Tsawon lokaci shine mafi girman yanayin iskar oxygen mai ɗauke da acid na aidin (+7 valence), yawanci yana samuwa a cikin lu'ulu'u marasa launi ko siffar foda. Yana da halaye masu mahimmanci masu zuwa:
Ƙarfin ƙarfin oxidizing:Tare da madaidaicin yuwuwar ragewa har zuwa 1.6V, yana iya yin oxidize daban-daban na kwayoyin halitta da mahaɗan inorganic
Ruwa mai narkewa:Sosai mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, samar da bayani mara launi
Rashin kwanciyar hankali:zai bazu lokacin da zafi sama da 100 ° C
Acidity:nasa ne da karfi acid, gaba daya dissociates a cikin ruwa bayani
Babban wuraren aikace-aikacen
1. Applications in Analytical Chemistry
(1) Maganin Malaprade
Shahararren aikace-aikacen acid lokaci-lokaci shine a cikin nazarin sinadarai na carbohydrates. Yana iya musamman oxidize da karya kusa da diol Tsarin (kamar cis diols a cikin carbohydrate kwayoyin) don samar da daidai aldehydes ko ketones. Ana amfani da wannan martani sosai don:
-Analysis na polysaccharide tsarin
- Tabbatar da tsarin sarkar sukari a cikin glycoproteins
-Nucleotide jerin bincike
(2) Ƙaddamar da kwayoyin halitta
Ana iya amfani da hanyar oxidation na periodate don ƙayyade:
- Glycerol da esters abun ciki
-Alfa amino acid abun ciki
-Wasu mahadi phenolic
2. Aikace-aikace a Kimiyyar Material
(1) Masana'antar lantarki
-Surface jiyya na semiconductor kayan
-Micro etching na bugu da aka buga (PCBs)
-Tsaftar bangaren lantarki
(2) sarrafa karfe
-Surface passivation jiyya na bakin karfe
-Metal surface tsaftacewa da pretreatment
-Oxidation matakai a electroplating tsari
3. Filin likitanci
(1) Tabon tarihi
Hanyar Schiff acid na lokaci-lokaci (PAS) hanya ce mai mahimmanci a cikin ganewar asali:
Ana amfani dashi don gano polysaccharides da glycoproteins a cikin kyallen takarda
-Nuna membrane ginshiki, bangon kwayar fungal da sauran sifofi
-Maganin taimako na wasu ciwace-ciwace
(2) Alamar Biomolecular
-Analysis na furotin glycosylation sites
-Bincike akan rukunin sukari akan saman tantanin halitta
4. Aikace-aikace a cikin kwayoyin halitta
A matsayin mai zaɓin oxidant, yana shiga cikin halayen kwayoyin halitta daban-daban:
- Cis dihydroxylation na olefins
-Zaɓi oxidation na alcohols
-Hanyoyin kawar da wasu ƙungiyoyin kariya
Kariyar tsaro
Ya kamata a ba da hankali yayin amfani da acid periodic:
1. Lalacewa: Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ga fata, idanu, da mucosa
2. Haɗarin Oxidation: Saduwa da kwayoyin halitta na iya haifar da wuta ko fashewa
3. Bukatun ajiya: Ka nisanci haske, rufewa, kuma a cikin wuri mai sanyi
4. Kariya ta mutum: Yayin ayyukan gwaji, ya kamata a sanya tabarau na kariya, safar hannu, da tufafin kariya
Tare da ci gaban fasahohin nazari da haɓaka kimiyyar kayan aiki, har yanzu fa'idodin aikace-aikacen acid na lokaci-lokaci suna haɓakawa.
Nanomaterial kira: a matsayin oxidant da hannu a cikin shirye-shiryen wasu nanomaterials
Sabbin fasahohin nazari: haɗe tare da kayan aikin nazari na zamani irin su ma'auni mai yawa
Koren Chemistry: Haɓaka tsari mafi dacewa da muhalli don sake amfani da acid lokaci-lokaci
Lokaci, a matsayin ingantaccen kuma takamaiman oxidant, yana taka rawar da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba a fannoni daban-daban daga bincike na asali zuwa samar da masana'antu.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-10-2025