acid na lokaci-lokaci(HIO ₄) wani muhimmin sinadari ne mai ƙarfi wanda ba shi da sinadarai masu guba wanda ke da aikace-aikace iri-iri a matsayin mai hana iska a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyya da masana'antu. Wannan labarin zai ba da cikakken bayani game da halayen wannan sinadari na musamman da kuma muhimman aikace-aikacensa a fannoni daban-daban.
Sifofin sinadarai na acid na lokaci-lokaci
Periodate shine mafi girman sinadarin acid mai dauke da iskar oxygen na iodine (+7 valence), wanda yawanci yake samuwa a cikin lu'ulu'u marasa launi ko farin foda. Yana da halaye masu mahimmanci kamar haka:
Ƙarfin ƙarfin iskar oxygen:Tare da matsakaicin raguwar ƙarfin har zuwa 1.6V, yana iya oxidize mahaɗan halitta da na inorganic daban-daban
Narkewar ruwa:Yana narkewa sosai a cikin ruwa, yana samar da mafita mara launi
Rashin daidaiton zafi:zai ruguje idan aka dumama shi sama da 100°C
Yawan acidity:yana cikin acid mai ƙarfi, yana rabuwa gaba ɗaya a cikin ruwan magani
Manyan wuraren aikace-aikace
1. Aikace-aikace a cikin Kimiyyar Nazarin Bayanai
(1) Maganin Malaprade
Mafi shaharar amfani da acid na lokaci-lokaci shine a cikin nazarin sinadarai na carbohydrates. Yana iya oxidize da karya tsarin diol da ke kusa da shi (kamar cis diols a cikin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate) don samar da aldehydes ko ketones masu dacewa. Ana amfani da wannan amsawar sosai don:
-Nazarin tsarin polysaccharide
-Tabbatar da tsarin sarkar sukari a cikin glycoproteins
- Binciken jerin nucleotide
(2) Tabbatar da sinadaran halitta
Ana iya amfani da hanyar oxidation ta lokaci-lokaci don ƙayyade:
- sinadarin glycerol da sinadarin esters da ke cikinsa
- Amino acid na Alpha
- Wasu sinadarai masu ɗauke da sinadarin phenolic
2. Aikace-aikace a Kimiyyar Kayan Aiki
(1) Masana'antar lantarki
-Maganin saman kayan semiconductor
- Ƙaramin etching na allunan da'ira da aka buga (PCBs)
-Tsaftace kayan lantarki
(2) Sarrafa ƙarfe
-Maganin passivation na saman karfe
-Tsabtace saman ƙarfe da kuma kafin a yi masa magani
- Matakan oxidation a cikin tsarin electroplating
3. Fannin ilimin halittu
(1) Tabon tarihi
Hanyar shafa fenti na lokaci-lokaci na Schiff (PAS) wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci wajen gano cututtukan cututtuka:
- Ana amfani da shi don gano polysaccharides da glycoproteins a cikin kyallen takarda.
- Nunin membrane na ginshiki, bangon ƙwayoyin fungal da sauran gine-gine
-Gano wasu ƙari na ƙarin bayani
(2) Alamomin ƙwayoyin halitta
-Binciken wuraren da ake amfani da furotin wajen yin glycosylation
-Bincike kan hadaddun sukari a saman tantanin halitta
4. Aikace-aikace a cikin hadadden halitta
A matsayin mai zaɓin oxidant, yana shiga cikin halayen kwayoyin halitta daban-daban:
-Cis dihydroxylation na olefins
-Zaɓin iskar shaka na alcohols
- Cire halayen wasu ƙungiyoyin kariya
Kariya daga tsaro
Ya kamata a yi la'akari da lokacin amfani da acid na lokaci-lokaci:
1. Lalacewa: Ƙarfin lalata fata, idanu, da kuma ƙwayoyin mucous
2. Haɗarin iskar oxygen: Hulɗa da abubuwa masu rai na iya haifar da gobara ko fashewa
3. Bukatun Ajiya: A ajiye a wuri mai nisa daga haske, a rufe, kuma a wuri mai sanyi.
4. Kariyar Kai: A lokacin gwaje-gwaje, ya kamata a sanya tabarau na kariya, safar hannu, da tufafin kariya.
Tare da ci gaban dabarun nazari da kuma ci gaban kimiyyar kayan aiki, fannonin amfani da sinadarin acid na lokaci-lokaci suna ci gaba da faɗaɗawa
Haɗin Nanomaterial: a matsayin wani abu mai hana iskar oxygen da ke cikin shirye-shiryen wasu nanomaterials
Sabbin dabarun nazari: tare da kayan aikin nazari na zamani kamar su mass spectrometry
Sinadarin Kore: Haɓaka tsari mafi dacewa ga muhalli don sake amfani da acid na lokaci-lokaci da kuma sake amfani da shi
Periodate, a matsayin ingantaccen sinadarin oxidant, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannoni daban-daban tun daga bincike na asali har zuwa samar da masana'antu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-10-2025